Acetylcholine in Normal and Diseased Skin.

Scott, A. D. N.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1962.tb13518.x

Cited by 58 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…There are reports of an up-regulation of ACh synthesis in certain inflammatory conditions. That includes the situation in atopic dermatitis (Scott 1962). On the other hand, a reduction in ACh content in bronchi and lung parenchyma, as well as in peripheral leukocytes, has been noted for patients with cystic fibrosis ).…”

Section: Recent Studies Giving New Information On the Distribution Ofmentioning

confidence: 95%

New insight into the non-neuronal cholinergic system via studies on chronically painful tendons and inflammatory situations

et al. 2009

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Section: Recent Studies Giving New Information On the Distribution Ofmentioning

confidence: 95%

New insight into the non-neuronal cholinergic system via studies on chronically painful tendons and inflammatory situations

et al. 2009

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“…Previous reports demonstrated that keratinocytes express specific receptors for ACh and that kerationocyte-derived ACh can affect physiological cell functions by an autocrine / paracrine system. Furthermore, changes in ACh metabolism have been found in skin lesions of various dermatologic patients (20,26,27). It is conceivable that perturbations of the keratinocyte choline transport system may be involved in skin diseases, and drugs that influence this system may be useful in treating them.…”

Section: Up [mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and Functional Characterization of Choline Transporter in Human Keratinocytes

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Choline is essential for synthesis of the major membrane phospholipid phosphatidylcholine. Moreover, it serves as a precursor for synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). Keratinocytes of the epidermis synthesize and release ACh. The uptake of choline is the rate-limiting step in both ACh synthesis and choline phospholipid metabolism, and it is a prerequisite for keratinocyte proliferation. However, the nature of the choline transport system in keratinocytes is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the molecular and functional characterization of choline uptake into cultured human keratinocytes. Choline uptake into keratinocytes was independent of extracellular Na + , saturable, and mediated by a single transport system with an apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 12.3 μM. Choline uptake was reduced when the keratinocyte membrane potential was depolarized by high K + . These results provide evidence that the choline transport activity is potential-sensitive. Various organic cations inhibit the choline transport system. RT-PCR demonstrated that keratinocytes expressed mRNA for choline transporter-like protein 1 (CTL1), mainly the CTL1a subtype. The present biochemical and pharmacological data suggest that CTL1a is functionally expressed in human keratinocytes and is responsible for the uptake of choline and organic cations in these cells.

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“…Interestingly, in a former study on skin biopsies from AE patients, Scott (16) found high Ach levels in atopic skin and suggested an overproduction or an excess release of Ach as representing a basic derangement in atopic skin. To our knowledge, however, similar biochemical experiments have not been repeated since that time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Acetylcholine Is an Inducer of Itching in Patients with Atopic Eczema

Heyer

Vogelgsang

Hornstein

1997

The Journal of Dermatology

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As previous experimental studies disproved histamine as the main mediator of eliciting pruritus in atopic eczema (AE), we examined the neurocutaneous sensations in 15 patients with AE and in 15 age- and sex-matched non-atopic controls after i.c. injection of acetylcholine (Ach, 0.5 M, 20 microliters) or buffered saline. The sensory perceptions were rated by the participants of the study with regard to their quality and intensity using a visual analogue scale. Simultaneously, the vascular reactions to Ach were recorded by the examinators via laser Doppler fluxmetry as well as flare and wheal planimetry. In contrast to the approximately equal flare and wheal extensions in either group, the cutaneous sensations differed significantly. The patients complained of 'pure' itching that developed shortly after Ach injection, whereas the control subjects reported only burning pain. Moreover, the patients perceived their sensations significantly earlier and significantly longer than did the controls. The study provides evidence that Ach plays an important role in the pathogeny of pruritus in patients with AE. Further investigations of the neuronal mechanisms involved in this atopy-related effect of Ach have to be performed.

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Acetylcholine in Normal and Diseased Skin.

Cited by 58 publications

References 9 publications

New insight into the non-neuronal cholinergic system via studies on chronically painful tendons and inflammatory situations

New insight into the non-neuronal cholinergic system via studies on chronically painful tendons and inflammatory situations

Expression and Functional Characterization of Choline Transporter in Human Keratinocytes

Acetylcholine Is an Inducer of Itching in Patients with Atopic Eczema

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