Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition-Based Biosensor for Aluminum(III) Chronoamperometric Determination in Aqueous Media

Abstract

A novel amperometric biosensor for the determination of Al(III) based on the inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase has been developed. The immobilization of the enzyme was performed on screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with gold nanoparticles. The oxidation signal of acetylthiocholine iodide enzyme substrate was affected by the presence of Al(III) ions leading to a decrease in the amperometric current. The developed system has a detection limit of 2.1 ± 0.1 μM for Al(III). The reproducibility of the method is 8.1% (n = 4). Main interferences include Mo(VI), W(VI) and Hg(II) ions. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of Al(III) in spiked tap water. The analysis of a certified standard reference material was also carried out. Both results agree with the certified values considering the respective associated uncertainties.

Biosensor for Aluminum(III) Based on α-Chymotrypsin Inhibition using a Disposable Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode and Acetyl-Tyrosine Ethyl Ester as Substrate

“…The biosensor precision was studied in terms of the RSD of the slopes of several calibrations resulting in a reproducibility value of 6.6%. The method developed in this work presents several advantages, including lower detection limit, 1.5 μM, than other previous described ones [34,35].…”

“…An adequate potential was then applied and once a steady-state current was established, a defined amount of ATEE substrate was added to the cell. A large oxidation current was observed applied potential [34,35], being their disposability character, low cost and environmental friendliness very significant. Moreover, this work reports for the first time the Km(app) (Michaelis Menten apparent constant) value of ATEE with and without Al(IIII) by means of SPCEs.…”

Quantitative Determining of Ultra-Trace Aluminum Ion in Environmental Samples by Liquid Phase Microextraction Assisted Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

“…The voltammetric response of an electroactive ligand that forms a complex with Al(III) were changed in the presence of Al(III), which provides an indirect electrochemical strategy for the determination of Al(III) [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. There also are a few biosensors developed for Al(III) [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Among these reports, the lowest detection limit was 8 pmol L −1 of Al(III), using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy [ 45 ].…”

Nanomaterials-Based Optical Techniques for the Detection of Acetylcholinesterase and Pesticides

“…In line with the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials have attracted great attention and have been intensively studied in biological analysis and detection due to their unique chemical, physical and size properties [ 15 , 16 ]. Commonly, nanomaterials can be employed for development of AChE-based sensing devices in the following three ways: (1) nanomaterials are used as enzyme carriers for loading a large amount of AChE to enhance the detection signal [ 17 , 18 ], especially in the electrochemical detection protocols, (2) nanomaterials act as peroxidase- or oxidase-like activities catalysts to catalyze the oxidation of various substrates including 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt and 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by enzyme-generated hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) for colorimetric or fluorescence detection of acetylcholine and AChE inhibitors [ 19 , 20 ], and (3) nanomaterials are employed as the direct signal sources [ 21 – 23 ]. Electrochemical techniques based on the inhibition of AChE are attractive for the detection of acetylcholine and AChE inhibitors.…”