HAART). In all cases, diagnosis of EV was based on histological examination, and polymerase chain reaction was performed from lesional skin specimens for the identification of HPV.Patient 1 had the EV lesions for 96 months and was treated unsuccessfully with topical application of imiquimod for 2 months and cryosurgery for 6 months. Acitrecin and interferon a-2a were discontinued because of severe dryness and persistent flu-like symptoms, respectively. The administration of isotretinoin at a dose of 0.8 mg/kg proved efficacious for 6 months, leading to significant improvement; however, the lesions relapsed within 3 months after treatment cessation. HAART had no effect on EV lesions.Patient 2 developed EV and TBC and started HAART and a four-drug anti-TBC treatment (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol). He did not consent in receiving any therapy for EV; nonetheless, a 50% improvement was noticed after initiation of HAART.Patient 3 under HAART presented widespread wart-like lesions distributed on the trunk, proximal extremities and resembling tinea versicolor. He was treated unsuccessfully with imiquimod and systemic isotretinoin, which was discontinued because of isotretinoin-induced headaches. He is currently under treatment with interferon a-2a with minimal prodromal results.There are either no large series or controlled studies of HIVassociated EV, and none are likely to be done probably because of the sparcity of cases. There is no established treatment for this dermatosis. 2 The role of HAART in EV remains questionable; 3 in our series, only one patient showed a significant improvement attributed to HAART.Acitrecin plus interferon alfa-2a, 2 etretinate 4 and isotretinoin 5 have shown transient effectiveness in the treatment of EV; recurrence has been noticed after the cessation of therapy. The continuous administration of systemic low-dose isotretinoin may achieve prolonged remission status in EV. 5 In our three patients, many different therapeutic regimens were applied; however, no effective modality was achieved. It seems that HIV-associated EV therapy probably has to be individualized, based primarily on the personal experience and preference of the investigators.