Achieving Microstructure‐Controlled Synaptic Plasticity and Long‐Term Retention in Ion‐Gel‐Gated Organic Synaptic Transistors

Go, Gyeong‐Tak; Lee, Yeongjun; Seo, Dae‐Gyo; Pei, Mingyuan; Lee, Wanhee; Yang, Hoichang; Lee, Tae‐Woo

doi:10.1002/aisy.202000012

Cited by 73 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Side-chain engineering of OSCs can enhance ionic mobility in the materials, enabling relatively high-speed device operation [151], whereas modification of chemical moieties on the polymer backbone can be used to tune of energy levels and electronic conductivity [152]. The crystallinity and microstructure of these materials allow for yet another degree of freedom which can be exploited to further optimize them to emulate synaptic behavior [153]. Lastly, the relatively low-cost and solution processability makes OSCs particularly attractive where large-area or printable devices are desired, such as when interfacing with biological systems.…”

Section: Organic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2022 roadmap on neuromorphic computing and engineering

Christensen

Dittmann

Linares-Barranco

et al. 2022

Neuromorph. Comput. Eng.

387

200

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Modern computation based on the von Neumann architecture is today a mature cutting-edge science. In the Von Neumann architecture, processing and memory units are implemented as separate blocks interchanging data intensively and continuously. This data transfer is responsible for a large part of the power consumption. The next generation computer technology is expected to solve problems at the exascale with 1018 calculations each second. Even though these future computers will be incredibly powerful, if they are based on von Neumann type architectures, they will consume between 20 and 30 megawatts of power and will not have intrinsic physically built-in capabilities to learn or deal with complex data as our brain does. These needs can be addressed by neuromorphic computing systems which are inspired by the biological concepts of the human brain. This new generation of computers has the potential to be used for the storage and processing of large amounts of digital information with much lower power consumption than conventional processors. Among their potential future applications, an important niche is moving the control from data centers to edge devices. The aim of this Roadmap is to present a snapshot of the present state of neuromorphic technology and provide an opinion on the challenges and opportunities that the future holds in the major areas of neuromorphic technology, namely materials, devices, neuromorphic circuits, neuromorphic algorithms, applications, and ethics. The Roadmap is a collection of perspectives where leading researchers in the neuromorphic community provide their own view about the current state and the future challenges for each research area. We hope that this Roadmap will be a useful resource by providing a concise yet comprehensive introduction to readers outside this field, for those who are just entering the field, as well as providing future perspectives for those who are well established in the neuromorphic computing community.

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Section: Organic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, engineering OSCs with high ionization potentials can eliminate cross-reactions with moisture or oxygen [152]. Further optimization of OSC crystallinity [153] and encapsulation methods [159], which shield devices from the ambient atmosphere, could further improve stability.…”

Section: Advances In Science and Technology To Meet Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2022 roadmap on neuromorphic computing and engineering

Christensen

Dittmann

Linares-Barranco

et al. 2022

Neuromorph. Comput. Eng.

387

200

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For a low crystalline P3HT, ions easily diffuse into the film at low driving voltages, enabling a STP behavior. 97 In a stark contrast, the diffusion of ions into the high crystalline P3HT requires a high driving voltage with a much longer retention time, leading to a LTP behavior (Figure 6e). PEDOT:PSS is another well-studied OECT polymer with superior electrical conductivity.…”

Section: = +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Device Engineering in Organic Electrochemical Transistors toward Multifunctional Applications

Shen

Abtahi

Lüssem

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have been widely researched for the next-generation electronic building blocks because of their unique property that combines highly efficient signal transduction with amplification in a single device. By virtue of materials engineering and interfacial modification, multifunctional OECTs have been reported for biological sensing, physiological signal recording, and neuromorphic processing applications. With these significant advancements, it is beneficial to reveal universal device engineering guidelines such that OECTs can be readily tailored to satisfy the specific needs of each application. In this perspective, we systematically discuss the key physical processes that influence OECT operation, which includes both steady state and transient responses. These discussions reveal the important role of fine-tuning the OECT active materials, interfacial properties, and device structures to manipulate their charge transport properties for multifunctional applications. Finally, we also share our perspectives on a few hurdles as the community moves to transform OECTs from laboratory ideas into real-world technologies.

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“…Thus, demonstration of synaptic signals with different decay behavior is important for the specific use of neuromorphic devices, whose behavior is similar to the Ca 2+ dynamics in organic cells. 9 , 10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic Current Response of a Liquid Ga Electrode via a Surface Electrochemical Redox Reaction in a NaOH Solution

et al. 2022

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An ionic device using a liquid Ga electrode in a 1 M NaOH solution is proposed to generate artificial neural spike signals. The oxidation and reduction at the liquid Ga surface were investigated for different bias voltages at 50 °C. When the positive sweep voltage from the starting voltage ( V S ) of 1 V was applied to the Ga electrode, the oxidation current flowed immediately and decreased exponentially with time. The spike and decay current behavior resembled the polarization and depolarization at the influx and extrusion of Ca 2+ in biological synapses. Different average decay times of ∼81 and ∼310 ms were implemented for V S of −2 and −5 V, respectively, to mimic the synaptic responses to short- and long-term plasticity; these decay states can be exploited for application in binary electrochemical memory devices. The oxidation mechanism of liquid Ga was studied. The differences in Ga ion concentration due to V S led to differences in oxidation behavior. Our device is beneficial for the organ cell–machine interface system because liquid Ga is biocompatible and flexible; thus, it can be applied in biocompatible and flexible neuromorphic device development for neuroprosthetics, human cell–machine interface formation, and personal health care monitoring.

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Achieving Microstructure‐Controlled Synaptic Plasticity and Long‐Term Retention in Ion‐Gel‐Gated Organic Synaptic Transistors

Cited by 73 publications

References 61 publications

2022 roadmap on neuromorphic computing and engineering

2022 roadmap on neuromorphic computing and engineering

Device Engineering in Organic Electrochemical Transistors toward Multifunctional Applications

Synaptic Current Response of a Liquid Ga Electrode via a Surface Electrochemical Redox Reaction in a NaOH Solution

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