Achieving Ultrahigh Energy Density and Long Durability in a Flexible Rechargeable Quasi‐Solid‐State Zn–MnO₂ Battery

Abstract

Advanced flexible batteries with high energy density and long cycle life are an important research target. Herein, the first paradigm of a high-performance and stable flexible rechargeable quasi-solid-state Zn-MnO battery is constructed by engineering MnO electrodes and gel electrolyte. Benefiting from a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) buffer layer and a Mn -based neutral electrolyte, the fabricated Zn-MnO @PEDOT battery presents a remarkable capacity of 366.6 mA h g and good cycling performance (83.7% after 300 cycles) in aqueous electrolyte. More importantly, when using PVA/ZnCl /MnSO gel as electrolyte, the as-fabricated quasi-solid-state Zn-MnO @PEDOT battery remains highly rechargeable, maintaining more than 77.7% of its initial capacity and nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency after 300 cycles. Moreover, this flexible quasi-solid-state Zn-MnO battery achieves an admirable energy density of 504.9 W h kg (33.95 mW h cm ), together with a peak power density of 8.6 kW kg , substantially higher than most recently reported flexible energy-storage devices. With the merits of impressive energy density and durability, this highly flexible rechargeable Zn-MnO battery opens new opportunities for powering portable and wearable electronics.

Nanostructured MnO2 as Electrode Materials for Energy Storage

“…In this context, a breakthrough has been achieved by Zeng et al [194], who reported a flexible quasi-solid-state Zn-MnO 2 battery with sandwiched structure consisting of a MnO 2 @PEDOT (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) cathode, a Zn nanosheet anode ≈50 nm in thickness homogeneously grown on the carbon fibers without any binder, a separator, and a modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/1 mol·L −1 ZnCl 2 /0.4 mol·L −1 MnSO 4 gel electrolyte. The PEDOT shell ≈9 nm in thickness was used as a protection layer to increase the cycling life.…”

Stabilized Molybdenum Trioxide Nanowires as Novel Ultrahigh‐Capacity Cathode for Rechargeable Zinc Ion Battery

“…[16][17][18] Despite these advanced features, one of the biggest block for ZIBs developed to date is their relatively low capacity in terms of the substantially inferior capacity of cathode materials than Zn anode. [21][22][23][24] A great variety of materials including MnO 2 , [25][26][27][28] ZnMn 2 O 4 , [17] Zn x Mo 6 S 6 , [29] ZnHCF, [30] Zn 0.25 V 2 O 5 ·nH 2 O, [31] VS 2 , [20] NiOOH, [32] and Co 3 O 4 [9] have been reported as promising cathodes with good electrochemical performance. [21][22][23][24] A great variety of materials including MnO 2 , [25][26][27][28] ZnMn 2 O 4 , [17] Zn x Mo 6 S 6 , [29] ZnHCF, [30] Zn 0.25 V 2 O 5 ·nH 2 O, [31] VS 2 , [20] NiOOH, [32] and Co 3 O 4 [9] have been reported as promising cathodes with good electrochemical performance.…”

Flexible all-solid-state micro-supercapacitor based on Ni fiber electrode coated with MnO2 and reduced graphene oxide via electrochemical deposition

“…Various flexible energy storage devices have been developed to power the flexible/bendable electronic equipment, such as flexible supercapacitors [21][22][23], flexible Li-ion batteries [24] and flexible rechargeable batteries [25].…”