Acid Mine Drainage Treatment by Perlite Nanomineral, Batch and Continuous Systems

Shabani, Kumars Seifpanahi; Ardejani, Faramarz Doulati; Badii, Khshayar; Olya, Mohammad Ebrahim

doi:10.2478/amsc-2014-0008

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The water and proppant injection efficiency is 6 to 20 m 3 /min, at the pumping pressure of 100 MPa [17,29]. The hydraulic fracturing job helps propagate the fracture at a distance of 200 to 300 m [22].…”

Section: Opening Shales With the Hydraulic Fracturing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such deposits have a natural system of fractures, though the matrix has a very low permeability 30 to 100 nD [13]. In coal-bed methane deposits the density of natural fractures is a significant parameter [21,22]. Natural gas production from such rock formations cannot be performed without additional operations, eg hydraulic fracturing.…”

Section: Characteristic Of "Shale" Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Impact of Exploration from Unconventional Gas Deposits in Poland

Macuda

Konieczyńska

2015

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Shale formations have been recently treated only as source rocks and sealing packages mainly of conventional deposits. At present shales, which have a considerable concentration of highly mature organic matter appearing in complexes of over 30 m thick are used as unconventional sources for natural gas production with the use of advanced drilling technologies. Natural gas production in such rock formations necessitates performing a horizontal section in the borehole and a big number of hydraulic fracturing jobs. The unconventional shale gas deposits have been prospected also in Poland for a couple of years. Exploration works mainly concentrate on a vast area passing from Pomerania through Mazowsze to the Lublin region in Poland. The analysis of the geologic analyses reveals that the most perspective are shales in the Lower Paleozoic at a depth of 2500 m in the eastern part to about 4000 m in the western part of the area. The paper is focused on the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of environmental impact of natural gas exploration works from unconventional deposits. Special attention was paid to the hydraulic fracturing jobs in shales, which create particular hazard for water and soil environment. These hazards already appear at the stage of preliminary works, when big quantities of chemicals and water for frac jobs are stored in the rig area, and then, during realization of works, when the spent hydraulic fracturing fluid may penetrate the water-bearing horizons in the caprock. The composition of fracturing fluid used in Gapowo B-1A well are given along with the results of chemical analyses of a few parts of spent fracturing fluid samples pumped out from the borehole. The fluid turned out to be high in salt (high specific electrolyte conductance (SEC) and total dissolved substances (TDS) and a high toxicity for most of the living organisms). For this reason the spent fracturing fluid should not enter the environment without control.

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Section: Opening Shales With the Hydraulic Fracturing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristic Of "Shale" Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impact of Exploration from Unconventional Gas Deposits in Poland

Macuda

Konieczyńska

2015

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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“…Perlite is an amorphous volcanic glass with high water content, typically formed by the hydration of obsidian. It is an industrial mineral and a commercial product useful for its light weight after processing [11]. Tragacanth is a natural gum obtained from the stems and branches of Asiatic species of Astragalus [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The combination of bacterial polymer and tragacanth to form antimicrobial biofilter for desalination

Emami¹,

Emtiazi²,

Nahvi³

et al. 2017

Desalination and Water Treatment

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Different polymers including tragacanth, vermiculite, perlite, silica gel and bacterial polymer were used to form biofilter for desalination. Salt tolerant Z1 bacterium was isolated from leachate and identified as Bacillus atrophaeus. It could produce high amount of exopolysaccharide with antifungal activity. The biofilters were made to contain several layers that include a thin layer of cotton, silica gel, tragacanth itself or tragacanth plus Z1 or Z1 exopolysaccharide, vermiculite and perlite. The biofilter included tragacanth itself had the capability to remove ammonium by 5% from 1 mM solution of NH 4 Cl. Adding Z1 bacterium to tragacanth, ammonium removal increased to 72%. Different salt solutions were exposed to certain amounts of alive Z1 bacterium, boiled Z1 bacterium and Z1 polysaccharide. Among them, extracted Z1 exopolysaccharide showed the most efficiently on the desalination of iron and cupper by 84.93% and 89.74%, respectively. Therefore, a synergistic effect of mixed Z1 exopolysaccharide with antifungal activity and tragacanth, to make biofilter were studied to remove different ions from salted well water. Our results have indicated that using Z1 polysaccharide and tragacanth in biofilter construction could effectively reduce Ca, Cl, Na, K, Pb, Cd and Zn from brackish well water. Using Z1 polysaccharide instead of Z1 bacterium prevents biofouling in biofilter construction. The different tests include UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction and atomic absorption were used for relatively understanding the performed processes. FTIR analysis of Z1 polysaccharide itself, and with different salts showed interaction of Z1 polysaccharide functional groups, such as-OH,-COO and CO -C involved in different ions and metal biosorption process.

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“…It is reported (Rapacz-kmita et al 2016) that the influence of the organophilisation process on the properties of resulting organobentonite fillers and their capability to improve the mechanical properties of clay/polymer nanocomposites were investigated. It is reported (Shabani et al 2014) that the adsorption activity of perlite nanoparticles for removal of Cu 2+ , Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ ions at Iran Sarcheshmeh copper acid mine drainage was discussed. It is reported (Xiao and Wang 2011b) that bentonite has highly adsorptive capacities with large internal surface areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Conditions for Treating Acid Mine Drainage by Bentonite-Steel Slag Composites

Xiao

Bin

Bai

et al. 2017

GREE

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The Acid Mine Drainage has characteristics of low pH, high concentrations of heavy metal ions, such as Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , Cu 2+ and Zn 2+. In this paper, the composite particles that consisted of bentonite and steel slags were used to dispose the Acid Mine Drainage. Bentonite is the mineral materials and can adsorb heavy metal ions excellently. The steel slags are alkaline and industrial solid waste for the treatment of the Acid Mine Drainage. The main influencing factors, such as adsorbent dosages, shaking rates, concentrations of heavy metal ions, temperatures, adsorption time and pH value were studied by the static experiment. Increasing the adsorbent dosages and the concentrations of the heavy metal ions, speeding up the shaking rates, raising the temperatures, extending the adsorption time and improving pH would improve the removal efficiencies of heavy metal ions. Through considering the removal efficiencies and the treatment costs, the optimum reaction conditions for the four kinds of heavy metal ions were obtained. The adsorbent dosage 21 mg/L, the rotational speed 120 r / min, the temperature 25℃ , adsorption time 100 min and the initial wastewater pH 7. The four kinds of heavy metal ions existed independently in the simulated mine wastewater. The highest initial concentrations of Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ were 150 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 170 mg/L and 140 mg/L respectively. The removal rates were 93.42%, 92.64%, 93.86% and 95.17% respectively. The determination of the particles' SEM-EDS Microscopic characterization showed the composite particles could play a part in neutralizing, absorbing and the chemical precipitation. The acidity decreased notably and the heavy metal ions of Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ were adsorbed and precipitated effectively. The research results can extend the practical engineering application of the composite particles.

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Acid Mine Drainage Treatment by Perlite Nanomineral, Batch and Continuous Systems

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Environmental Impact of Exploration from Unconventional Gas Deposits in Poland

Environmental Impact of Exploration from Unconventional Gas Deposits in Poland

The combination of bacterial polymer and tragacanth to form antimicrobial biofilter for desalination

Optimal Conditions for Treating Acid Mine Drainage by Bentonite-Steel Slag Composites

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