Acid Value of Cellulose Fatty Acid Esters and Rapid Analisis of Certain Cellulose Acetates

Murray, T. F.; Staud, C. J.; Gray, H. LeB.

doi:10.1021/ac50075a020

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The DS was determined by conducting a standard saponification reaction also known as the Eberstadt method [23]. Acetyl content was calculated using Eq.…”

Section: Determination Of Dsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening mechanisms in poly(lactic) acid reinforced with TEMPO-oxidized cellulose

Bulota

Hughes

2012

J Mater Sci

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The mechanical properties of poly(lactic) acid (PLA) were modified by the addition of small amounts of cellulose, prepared from the mechanical disintegration of birch Kraft pulp following oxidation of the primary alcohol groups mediated by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO). The TEMPO-fibrillated cellulose (TOFC) was subsequently acetylated in acetic anhydride to degrees of substitution (DS) of 0.4 and 0.6 to enhance the compatibility between the polar cellulose and the non-polar polymer. The fracture behaviour of tensile specimens prepared from PLA film containing weight fractions of 1, 2 and 5 % of TOFC was considerably altered. The strain-to-failure of PLA modified by the incorporation of 1 wt% TOFC acetylated to a DS of 0.6 increased approximately 25-fold and the work of fracture by order of magnitude. The increase in the fracture properties were, nevertheless, accompanied by a reduction in Young's modulus of around 60 % at both DS levels. At the higher TOFC addition levels, no toughening was observed, with the strains-to-failure and works of fracture both decreasing compared to pure PLA film. On the other hand, the Young's modulus and tensile strength of films prepared from PLA incorporating TOFC esterified to a DS of 0.6 was found to be greater than that of pure PLA film.Possible mechanisms explaining the increase in toughness at 1 wt% are postulated.

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“…The DS was determined by conducting a standard saponification reaction also known as the Eberstadt method [23]. Acetyl content was calculated using Eq.…”

Section: Determination Of Dsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening mechanisms in poly(lactic) acid reinforced with TEMPO-oxidized cellulose

Bulota

Hughes

2012

J Mater Sci

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“…The production of volatile acids as decomposition products is a common occurrence in the analysis of carbohydrate esters (15)(16)(17). As an example, fructose had an acetic acid content of 16% under acidic hydrolysis in sulfuric acid (17).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of carboxylic esters by acid fusion reaction gas chromatography

Williams¹,

Siggia²

1977

Anal. Chem.

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A quantitative method has been developed to determine the carboxylic acid content of nonvolatile esters. The determination is carried out in one piece of apparatus by coupling a reaction chamber through a trap-loop to a gas chromatograph. The method involves hydrolysis of the ester in molten phosphoric acid at 200-300 °C for 15 min. The volatile reaction products are concentrated in the trap-loop prior to gas chromatographic analysis. The precision of the method is ±0.1 to 3.0 % using a 1-to 10-mg sample. Quantitative results were obtained with cholesteryi esters, carbohydrate esters, cellulose esters, poly(vinyl ester), and vinyl acetate copolymers.

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“…The rod was enclosed in a cylindrical beating vessel (a 6-inch extra-strong pipe, 12 inches long and 6 inches wide) into which the cellulosic material was placed, the vessel being rotated by two shafts on which the flanges of the vessel rested. The openings of the beating vessel were closed watertight with blind flanges, employing rubber gaskets.…”

Section: Tensile Strength Of Acetylated and Unacetylated Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acetylation on Water-Binding Properties of Cellulose

Bletzinger¹

1943

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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Acid Value of Cellulose Fatty Acid Esters and Rapid Analisis of Certain Cellulose Acetates

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Toughening mechanisms in poly(lactic) acid reinforced with TEMPO-oxidized cellulose

Toughening mechanisms in poly(lactic) acid reinforced with TEMPO-oxidized cellulose

Determination of carboxylic esters by acid fusion reaction gas chromatography

Effect of Acetylation on Water-Binding Properties of Cellulose

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