Acidifier as an Alternative Material to Antibiotics in Animal Feed

Kim, Y. Y.; Kil, Dong Yong; Oh, Heung‐Bum; Han, In K.

doi:10.5713/ajas.2005.1048

Cited by 88 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Capacity to decrease pH in the feed and GI tract by the organic acid likely dependent on the pH conditions of the GIT and pKa values of the organic acid used (Kim et al, 2005). The pH reduction in GI tract is more pronounced in the upper part.…”

Section: Organic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring alternatives to antibiotics as health promoting agents in poultry- a review

Yadav¹,

Kolluri²,

Gopi³

et al. 2016

JEBAS

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Poultry industry has undergone rapid growth during last three decades. For which even higher usage of antibiotics, both as growth promoters as well as therapeutic agents, has been adopted. However, due to the fear of resistance development in bacterial populations to antibiotics, presence of antibiotic residues in poultry products and increasing consumer demand for products free from antibiotic residues, search for alternatives that could replace antibiotics without causing loss to productivity or product quality has accelerated. Such alternatives in poultry include the use of organic acids, probiotic microorganisms, prebiotic substrates that benefit proliferation of beneficial bacterial populations or synbiotic (combinations of prebiotics and probiotics) ensuring better production and maintaining health of the birds. Others include vitamins and minerals, herbal drugs, plant extracts, phytobiotics and antimicrobial peptides. Probiotic organisms provides competition to pathogenic organisms for intestinal colonizing sites, reduce the diversion of nutrients for harmful microbes and the toxins produced by them and stimulates the immune systems. Similarly, prebiotic offers an alternative, as it alters the intestinal microbes and immune system to reduce colonization by pathogens and allows proliferation of beneficial microflora in the gut. Even using synbiotic is a better strategy for enhancing poultry production, however, more research is needed for selection of probiotic, prebiotics or synbiotics either alone or in combination that can result in the selection of strains capable of performing effectively in the gastrointestinal tract. The contents of this review will be useful for researchers to enrich their knowledge on alternatives of antibiotics in poultry birds without compromising performance of birds and bird welfare.

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Section: Organic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring alternatives to antibiotics as health promoting agents in poultry- a review

Yadav¹,

Kolluri²,

Gopi³

et al. 2016

JEBAS

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“…It was demonstrated that vitamin C alleviates the effects of stress in the body (5,12,45) and may indirectly contribute to the improvement of many indicators of sow's reproductive performance. It is likely that vitamin C also acts similarly to other organic acidifiers that along with lowering the pH, increase the activity of proteolytic enzymes and inhibit the growth of pathogenic gastrointestinal flora, thereby improving digestion, absorption, and retention of nutrients (19), and in consequence affect the improvement of piglets rearing results (11).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

effect of ascorbic acid as a feed additive on indicators of the reproductive performance of Pulawska breed gilts

Lechowski¹,

Kasprzyk²,

Tyra³

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Effect of ascorbic acid as a feed additive on indicators of the reproductive performance of Pulawska breed gilts Summary The aim of the study was to determine the effect of vitamin C on indicators of gilts and sows reproductive value. The study was conducted using 64 gilts of the Pulawska breed. The experimental gilts received a supplement of vitamin C in an amount of 2.4 g daily throughout the whole experiment. Sixteen gilts from both control and experimental groups were mated in their third estrus. In order to determine the number of corpora lutea and the state of development of the reproductive organs, other gilts from the control and experimental groups were slaughtered after third estrus between the 5 th and 10 th day of the following estrous cycle. The results showed that gilts from the experimental group were characterized by higher potential fertility, as well as reared more piglets per litter. In the body weight and backfat thickness of sows during the first reproduction cycle in the control and experimental groups were not statistically significantly different. The piglets in the experimental group had higher body weight in the 1 st and 21 st day of rearing. Larger contents of protein, immunoglobulins, and vitamin C were recorded in the colostrum and milk from experimental sows.

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“…Organic acids (OA) have been used as the first alternative to in-feed antibiotics by many feed companies, especially in diets for piglets (Kim et al, 2005;Mroz, 2005). Meta-analysis confirms that OA improve performance of weaned piglets, but the significance and magnitude of the effect appears to depend on the type and level of the OA used, as well as differences in feed composition and buffering (Partanen and Mroz, 1999;Partanen, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent modulation of swine ileal microbiota by formic acid and methionine hydroxy analogue-free acid

Apajalahti

Rademacher

Htoo

et al. 2009

Animal

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Management of intestinal microbiota of monogastric animals has increased in importance since the ban of growth promoting antibiotics in many countries. Organic acids have been used as alternatives to antibiotics by many feed manufacturers. Regardless of the wide usage, the effect, dose response and mode of action of acids on intestinal microbes is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of three commonly used products, namely formic acid (FA) (90%), DL-methionine (DLM) (99%) and liquid methionine hydroxy analogue-free acid (88%), on ileal microbiota of pigs. Laboratory simulation system, mimicking swine ileum, was used to study the products at various concentrations and combinations. Furthermore, selected combinations were tested in a piglet trial to confirm the findings made in in vitro studies. FA turned out to have a dual effect on ileal microbiota. At concentrations below 0.5%, it significantly stimulated bacteria, but at higher inclusion rates it was highly inhibitory. This finding, which was consistent in in vitro and in vivo studies, implies that reducing the dose of FA does not lead to a diluted inhibitory effect, but in fact, an opposite, stimulatory effect on intestinal microbiota. It is highly important that feed compounders acknowledge this finding. Unlike FA, the inhibitory effect of methionine hydroxy analogue on ileal bacteria was linearly dose dependent and significant at inclusion levels above 0.2%, in vitro. Partial replacement of methionine hydroxy analogue by FA, or FA by methionine hydroxy analogue, led to an unpredictable outcome due to the dual effects of FA; e.g., a minor inclusion of added FA changed the inhibitory effect of methionine hydroxy analogue into microbial stimulation by FA. Inhibition of ileal microbiota by methionine hydroxy analogue was detected only in in vitro studies, suggesting that intact methionine hydroxy analogue may not have reached the ileum, in live animals. Therefore, if the target is to ensure the inhibitory effect of FA, the FA level in feed should be kept above 0.6%, and not reduced, if methionine hydroxy analogue is used as a methionine source instead of DLM. DLM was totally inert with regard to bacterial growth and metabolism, both in vitro and in vivo. The results of these studies reveal the importance of knowing how each acid product works. Inconsistent results in animal trials may have been partly due to quadratic dose-response effects of products, and unpredictable product combination effects.Keywords: DL-methionine, formic acid, methionine hydroxy analogue-free acid, bacteria in swine ileum, in vitro and in vivo studies

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Acidifier as an Alternative Material to Antibiotics in Animal Feed

Cited by 88 publications

References 56 publications

Exploring alternatives to antibiotics as health promoting agents in poultry- a review

Exploring alternatives to antibiotics as health promoting agents in poultry- a review

effect of ascorbic acid as a feed additive on indicators of the reproductive performance of Pulawska breed gilts

Divergent modulation of swine ileal microbiota by formic acid and methionine hydroxy analogue-free acid

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