Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans, sp. nov.; facultatively anaerobic, psychrotolerant iron-, and sulfur-oxidizing acidophiles isolated from metal mine-impacted environments

Hallberg, Kevin B.; González-Toril, Elena; Johnson, D. Barrie

doi:10.1007/s00792-009-0282-y

Cited by 200 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…"F. myxofaciens" P3G was grown in shake flasks by decanting oxidized medium, retaining the streamer-like growths, and replacing the medium with fresh medium containing 5 mM ferrous iron (pH 2.1). When the streamer biomass had reached an estimated 500 mg (wet weight), it was removed and washed in pH 2 basal salts solution, and DNA was extracted (22). This served as the template for amplification PCRs in which portions of the 16S rRNA gene (11) and the genes coding for the large subunit of type I (cbbL) and type II (cbbM) RubisCO (23) as well as the nifH genes (24) were amplified; all of the PCR products obtained were sequenced.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering a Microbial Enigma: Isolation and Characterization of the Streamer-Generating, Iron-Oxidizing, Acidophilic Bacterium “Ferrovum myxofaciens”

Johnson

Hallberg

Hedrich

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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127

135

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A betaproteobacterium, shown by molecular techniques to have widespread global distribution in extremely acidic (pH 2 to 4) ferruginous mine waters and also to be a major component of "acid streamer" growths in mine-impacted water bodies, has proven to be recalcitrant to enrichment and isolation. A modified "overlay" solid medium was devised and used to isolate this bacterium from a number of mine water samples. The physiological and phylogenetic characteristics of a pure culture of an isolate from an abandoned copper mine ("Ferrovum myxofaciens" strain P3G) have been elucidated. "F. myxofaciens" is an extremely acidophilic, psychrotolerant obligate autotroph that appears to use only ferrous iron as an electron donor and oxygen as an electron acceptor. It appears to use the Calvin-Benson-Bassham pathway to fix CO 2 and is diazotrophic. It also produces copious amounts of extracellular polymeric materials that cause cells to attach to each other (and to form small streamer-like growth in vitro) and to different solid surfaces. "F. myxofaciens" can catalyze the oxidative dissolution of pyrite and, like many other acidophiles, is tolerant of many (cationic) transition metals. "F. myxofaciens" and related clone sequences form a monophyletic group within the Betaproteobacteria distantly related to classified orders, with genera of the family Nitrosomonadaceae (lithoautotrophic, ammonium-oxidizing neutrophiles) as the closest relatives. On the basis of the phylogenetic and phenotypic differences of "F. myxofaciens" and other Betaproteobacteria, a new family, "Ferrovaceae," and order, "Ferrovales," within the class Betaproteobacteria are proposed. "F. myxofaciens" is the first extreme acidophile to be described in the class Betaproteobacteria.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering a Microbial Enigma: Isolation and Characterization of the Streamer-Generating, Iron-Oxidizing, Acidophilic Bacterium “Ferrovum myxofaciens”

Johnson

Hallberg

Hedrich

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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127

135

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“…Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans SS3 (originally named Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans SS3) is the only psychrotolerant acidophile characterized (5) and has been shown to oxidize Fe 2ϩ (6) and ISCs at low temperatures (7,8). It is also capable of catalyzing pyrite dissolution in stirred tank reactors (STRs) at 4°C.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gene Identification and Substrate Regulation Provide Insights into Sulfur Accumulation during Bioleaching with the Psychrotolerant Acidophile Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans

Liljeqvist

Rzhepishevska

Dopson

2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The psychrotolerant acidophile Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans has been identified from cold environments and has been shown to use ferrous iron and inorganic sulfur compounds as its energy sources. A bioinformatic evaluation presented in this study suggested that Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans utilized a ferrous iron oxidation pathway similar to that of the related species Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. However, the inorganic sulfur oxidation pathway was less clear, since the Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans genome contained genes from both Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus caldus encoding enzymes whose assigned functions are redundant. Transcriptional analysis revealed that the petA1 and petB1 genes (implicated in ferrous iron oxidation) were downregulated upon growth on the inorganic sulfur compound tetrathionate but were on average 10.5-fold upregulated in the presence of ferrous iron. In contrast, expression of cyoB1 (involved in inorganic sulfur compound oxidation) was decreased 6.6-fold upon growth on ferrous iron alone. Competition assays between ferrous iron and tetrathionate with Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans SS3 precultured on chalcopyrite mineral showed a preference for ferrous iron oxidation over tetrathionate oxidation. Also, pure and mixed cultures of psychrotolerant acidophiles were utilized for the bioleaching of metal sulfide minerals in stirred tank reactors at 5 and 25°C in order to investigate the fate of ferrous iron and inorganic sulfur compounds. Solid sulfur accumulated in bioleaching cultures growing on a chalcopyrite concentrate. Sulfur accumulation halted mineral solubilization, but sulfur was oxidized after metal release had ceased. The data indicated that ferrous iron was preferentially oxidized during growth on chalcopyrite, a finding with important implications for biomining in cold environments.

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“…To investigate the utilization of the carbon source and effect of carbon source concentration on strain growth, different concentrations (5,10,15,20, 25 g/L) of sodium citrate, glucose and carbonate were added into the urea medium, respectively. The strain at the logarithmic phase was inoculated into the urea medium with the inoculation size of 20% (v/v), and then incubated at 30˝C and 180 rpm in a rotary shaker.…”

Section: Effect Of Carbon Source On Strain Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To obtain the optimal urea concentration, experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of different urea concentrations (5,10,15,20,25, 30 g/L) on strain growth and ammonia production, with the experiment condition mentioned above. The growth of strain under different urea concentration was observed; the concentration of ammonia in solution was measured by DX-120 ion chromatograph (Dionex, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Source On Strain Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioleaching of copper sulfide ores in acid conditions, using autotrophic bacteria such as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans [1][2][3][4][5], is a mature process and has been successfully used for the recovery of copper. In recent years, due to the depletion of copper sulfides, low-grade copper ores with high contents of oxide ore and carbonate gangue gradually account for a high proportion in the copper extraction industry [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Heterotrophic Strain for Bioleaching of Low Grade Complex Copper Ore

Wang

et al. 2016

Minerals

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Abstract:A new heterotrophic strain, named Providencia sp. JAT-1, was isolated and used in bioleaching of low-grade complex copper ore. The strain uses sodium citrate as a carbon source and urea as a nitrogen source to produce ammonia. The optimal growth condition of the strain is 30˝C, initial pH 8, sodium citrate 10 g/L and urea 20 g/L, under which the cell density and ammonia concentration in the medium reached a maximum of 4.83ˆ10 8 cells/mL and 14 g/L, respectively. Ammonia produced by the strain is used as the main lixiviant in bioleaching. Bioleaching results revealed that higher strain growth led to a higher copper recovery, while higher pulp density will cause a greater inhibitory effect on strain growth and ammonia production. The copper extraction reached the highest value of 54.5% at the pulp density of 1%. Malachite, chrysocolla and chalcocite are easy to leach out in this bioleaching system while chalcopyrite is difficult. Results of comparative leaching experiments show that bioleaching using JAT-1 is superior to ammonia leaching at the same condition. The metabolites produced by the strain other than ammonia are also involved in bioleaching.

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Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans, sp. nov.; facultatively anaerobic, psychrotolerant iron-, and sulfur-oxidizing acidophiles isolated from metal mine-impacted environments

Cited by 200 publications

References 35 publications

Uncovering a Microbial Enigma: Isolation and Characterization of the Streamer-Generating, Iron-Oxidizing, Acidophilic Bacterium “Ferrovum myxofaciens”

Uncovering a Microbial Enigma: Isolation and Characterization of the Streamer-Generating, Iron-Oxidizing, Acidophilic Bacterium “Ferrovum myxofaciens”

Gene Identification and Substrate Regulation Provide Insights into Sulfur Accumulation during Bioleaching with the Psychrotolerant Acidophile Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans

A New Heterotrophic Strain for Bioleaching of Low Grade Complex Copper Ore

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