2012
DOI: 10.1590/s0100-40422012000700025
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Ácidos naftênicos no petróleo

Abstract: Recebido em 22/7/11; aceito em 5/2/12; publicado na web em 15/5/12 NAPHTHENIC ACIDS IN PETROLEUM. Brazilian petroleum is known by its high acidity due to the presence of acidic constituents, especially naphthenic acids (NA). The total characterization of the NA in petrochemical samples has been receiving special attention in research and comprises an analytical challenge, mainly due to the complexity of their mixtures. Gas chromatography with mass detector (GC/MS) is the technique of analysis more used, but re… Show more

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Cited by 31 publications
(22 citation statements)
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References 92 publications
(207 reference statements)
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“…Nota 1 : i=número de iterações; f P =probabilidade de falha de primeira ordem; fs P =probabilidade de falha de segunda ordem; β F =índice de confiabilidade de primeira ordem; β S =índice de confiabilidade equivalente ou de segunda ordem obtido via métodos SORM Breitung e método SORM Tvedt; NAF=número de avaliações da função de falha; This oil is known as opportune due to its low market value, which is around 80% of the value of conventional oil (QING, 2010), with discounts of more than U$ 10/bbl (LU, 2012;GRUBER et al, 2012). This devaluation is due to its high viscosity and high density, usually > 930 kg/m 3 (GRUBER et al, 2012), in addition to the presence of contaminants such as metals, sulfur and naphthenic acids.…”
Section: Variável Distribuiçãounclassified
“…Nota 1 : i=número de iterações; f P =probabilidade de falha de primeira ordem; fs P =probabilidade de falha de segunda ordem; β F =índice de confiabilidade de primeira ordem; β S =índice de confiabilidade equivalente ou de segunda ordem obtido via métodos SORM Breitung e método SORM Tvedt; NAF=número de avaliações da função de falha; This oil is known as opportune due to its low market value, which is around 80% of the value of conventional oil (QING, 2010), with discounts of more than U$ 10/bbl (LU, 2012;GRUBER et al, 2012). This devaluation is due to its high viscosity and high density, usually > 930 kg/m 3 (GRUBER et al, 2012), in addition to the presence of contaminants such as metals, sulfur and naphthenic acids.…”
Section: Variável Distribuiçãounclassified
“…Due to the diversified concentration of the different classes in petroleum, it is possible to find oils with various API gravities (American These differences represent a heterogeneous quality in the produced oil. However, Brazilian resources are among the most acidic in the world, similar to other sources in South America (Gruber et al 2012). This diversification in petroleum composition directly impacts all refinery processes, and therefore, compositional information is vital for advances in effective petrochemical processing (Rodgers et al 2002).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4 Although naphthenic acids (NAs) represent less than 3 wt.% of this matrix, they are considered the main responsible for the corrosion during the refining step. 5,6 NAs are organic compounds with saturated rings and one or more carboxylic groups, with the basic formula of R[CH 2 ] n COOH, where R is usually a cyclopentane or cyclohexane ring. The corrosion due to the NAs occurs when the petroleum or its derivatives have acidity greater than 0.5 mg of KOH g -1 and are subjected to high refining temperatures (between 200 and 400 °C).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The naphthenic corrosion can also be associated with the H 2 S (equations 2 and 3), which is responsible for the reconstitution of naphthenic acids, due to its attack on the iron naphthenate, turning the process autocatalytic (equation 3). 5 The R symbol denotes the naphthenic acid group (equations 1 and 3), and Fe(RCOO) 2 (equation 1) is the corrosion product soluble in the middle of the petroleum. 5,9,10 Fe + 2RCOOH → Fe(RCOO) 2 + H 2 (1) Fe + H 2 S → FeS + H 2 (2) Fe(RCOO) 2 +H 2 S → FeS + 2RCOOH…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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