Acinetobacter baumannii: An Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen in Critical Care

Montefour, Kerry; Frieden, Jeanne; Hurst, Sue; Helmich, Cindy; Headley, Denielle; Martin, Mary; Boyle, Deborah A.

doi:10.4037/ccn2008.28.1.15

Cited by 116 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, during late 1980 and 1990s, worldwide emergence and spread of Acinetobacter strains resistant to imipenem further limited therapeutic alternatives. 8,9 Rational use of antimicrobial agents is critically important to prevent Acinetobacter infections as well as to avoid poor outcomes. 10 Therefore early detection of such organisms is necessary for timely implementation of strict infection control practices and treatment with alternative antimicrobials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Resis Tance Pattern of Acinetobacter Species in Hospitalized Patient S in a Tertiary Care Centre

Islahi¹,

Faraz²,

Khare³

et al. 2014

jemds

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BACKGROUND: Acinetobacter species are one of the most frequent nosocomial pathogen causing bacteremia, urinary tract infection, secondary meningitis, skin and soft tissue infections and in particular nosocomial pneumonia with high mortality rate. The infections due to these are often difficult to treat due to their high antibiotic resistance. AIMS: To Study the prevalence and resistance pattern of Acinetobacter species in hospitalized patients of Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital (ELMCH), Lucknow. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total number of 1850 samples were taken from patients admitted in wards of different Departments of ELMCH from Sep 2012 to Sep 2013. Identification of isolates was done by colony characteristics and biochemical reactions. The resistance patterns of these isolates were studied using various antibiotics by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test as per CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute) guidelines. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 46 isolates were identified as Acinetobacter species. High level of resistance was observed for most of the antibiotics tested. More than 80% of isolates were resistant to amikacin, gentamycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. 30.43% of isolates were resistant to cefoperazone/sulbactum and resistance to imipenem and colistin was 23.91% and 19.56% respectively. Acinetobacter species has become a worldwide concern as a cause of serious nosocomial infections. The emergence of increasingly resistant strains causing such infections has become a public health problem. Their early detection is necessary for timely implementation of strict infection control practices and judicious treatment with susceptible antimicrobials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Resis Tance Pattern of Acinetobacter Species in Hospitalized Patient S in a Tertiary Care Centre

Islahi¹,

Faraz²,

Khare³

et al. 2014

jemds

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Acinetobacter baumannii is a non-fermentative Gramnegative opportunistic pathogen, with the ability to cause HAIs, particularly respiratory tract, urinary tract, and wound infections (Abbo et al, 2005;Al Mobarak et al, 2014;Fournier, 2006), the latter becoming increasingly prevalent in war areas, such as Iraq (Howard et al, 2012). In the period of January 2002 to August 2004, A. baumannii bloodstream infections were detected in 85 soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan; among them, 35% of the strains were susceptible to only one type of antibiotic, and worryingly, 4% were resistant to all antibiotics (Montefour et al, 2008). This has created pressure on treatment options especially in those novel isolates with carbapenem resistance.…”

Section: Acinetobacter Baumanniimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanodelivery strategies for the treatment of multidrug‐resistant bacterial infections

Jiang

Lin

Taggart

et al. 2018

J of Interdiscip Nanomed

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One of the most important health concerns in society is the development of nosocomial infections caused by multidrug‐resistant pathogens. The purpose of this review is to discuss the issues in current antibiotic therapies and the ongoing progress of developing new strategies for the treatment of ESKAPE pathogen infections, which is acronymized for Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species. We not only examine the current issues caused by multidrug resistance but we also examine the barrier effects such as biofilm and intracellular localization exploited by these pathogens to avoid antibiotic exposure. Recent innovations in nanomedicine approaches and antibody antibiotic conjugates are reviewed as potential novel approaches for the treatment of bacterial infection, which ultimately may expand the useful life span of current antibiotics.

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“…Data regarding the prognosis of patients with Acinetobacter baumannii infections are limited. This opportunistic pathogen infects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those who have prolonged hospital stay [6]. It was known to be associated with aquatic environments [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance of acinetobacter baumannii infection of lower respiratory tract and mortality – A cross-sectional study from a tertiary care teaching hospital in Kerala

Thomas¹,

Sukumaran²,

Seema³

et al. 2020

IJIRM

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Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has evolved as a common Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) microbe. This study was conducted to find the profile of antimicrobial resistance and mortality and their associated factors in A. baumannii infection of lower respiratory tract. Materials and Methods: This was a record based cross sectional study done in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Kerala. Records of all the 63, A. baumannii lower respiratory infection in 2017, were retrieved and analyzed. MDR was defined as resistance to at least one agent of three or more antimicrobial classes. Proportion of MDR, carbapenam resistance and resistance to other major antimicrobials were calculated. Determinants of carbapenam resistance and its associated antimicrobial resistance were explored. Proportion of mortality and the associated factors were explored. Student's t-test, chi-square test or fisher exact test were used appropriately. Results: Proportions of MDR and carbapenam resistance were 85.7% and 41.3% respectively. Highest proportion (90.5%) was resistant to piperazillin-tazobactam. Carbapenam resistance was associated with MDR (p-value<0.05). Mean duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit (ICU) stay prior and after the infection were longer for patients with carbapenam resistant strains (p-value<0.05). Mortality rate was 74.6% (95% CI: 63.9% to 85.3%). Older age and ICU stay prior to infection were associated with mortality (p-value<0.05). Conclusions: Rates of antimicrobial resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and the mortality were high in the setting, comparable to reports from other parts of India. The drug resistance increases hospital care burden. There is an urgent need to implement stringent infection control measures.

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Acinetobacter baumannii: An Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen in Critical Care

Cited by 116 publications

References 37 publications

Prevalence and Resis Tance Pattern of Acinetobacter Species in Hospitalized Patient S in a Tertiary Care Centre

Prevalence and Resis Tance Pattern of Acinetobacter Species in Hospitalized Patient S in a Tertiary Care Centre

Nanodelivery strategies for the treatment of multidrug‐resistant bacterial infections

Antimicrobial resistance of acinetobacter baumannii infection of lower respiratory tract and mortality – A cross-sectional study from a tertiary care teaching hospital in Kerala

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