Acinetobacter Peritonitis During Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis

Acinetobacterco-infection and coagulase-negativeStaphylococcus: case report and literature review

“…They found no predominating age group (the oldest patient was 66 years old) or underlying diagnosis, and PD dropout to hemodialysis or mortality was uncommon. 2 However, in our patient Acinetobacter peritonitis episode resulted in PD dropout and mortality. The unexpectedly grave prognosis observed in our case may be due to the relatively older age of our patient or due to the coagulase-negative staphylococcal co-infection.…”

“…In their study, the duration of prior PD experience varied between <1 month and >56 months, more than half cases occurring in the first year. 2 In our case, the PD experience was 84 months. The cumulative incidence of Acinetobacter peritonitis increased significantly during the first 2 or 3 months following any prior episode of peritonitis, 2 which was 27 days in our case.…”

“…3 Peritonitis due to Acinetobacter species may occur during a vulnerable period when host defenses are compromised, particularly following another episode of peritonitis or in the early period following catheter placement and initiation of PD. 2 Galvao et al surveyed 23 episodes of Acinetobacter peritonitis. In their study, Acinetobacter accounted for the first peritonitis episode (no prior episode) in five cases and the second peritonitis episode (one prior episode) in another six cases, no co-infection was reported.…”

“…Among the gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter species have been reported in several series of PD-related peritonitis, sometimes as a concomitant that may be asymptomatic and require no treatment. 2 Little has been written about the clinical features and outcome of PD-related peritonitis caused by coinfection of Acinetobacter species with other pathogens. We herein present a case of peritonitis caused by coinfection with Acinetobacter species and coagulase-negative staphylococci, which resulted in PD dropout and mortality.…”

Acinetobacter lwoffii Peritonitis in a Patient on Automated Peritoneal Dialysis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…Galvao et al proposed that Acinetobacter peritonitis tends to occur within the first 1-2 months following another PD peritonitis episode [2, 10]. In contrast, Chao et al showed that most Acinetobacter peritonitis did not follow the previous peritonitis after the year of 2000, but there were on average 2 episodes with different pathogen before the Acinetobacter peritonitis [9].…”