Acne Comorbidities

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit, and it represents the most common skin disease affecting about 85% of adolescents in Western populations. The prevalence of acne vulgaris in developed countries is higher than that in developing countries.Emerging data has shown some systemic diseases closely associated with acne, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome (Mets), and so on.This review summarizes acneassociated diseases that have been reported in studies, and analyzes the possible co-pathogenesis of these diseases and acne.

Revealing the Impact of Gut Microbiota on Acne Through Mendelian Randomization Analysis

“…The gut microbiota can be regarded as a distinct endocrine organ within the human body, 25 and its composition, functional endocrine interactions, and association with obesity, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and stressrelated disorders, 26 suggest an equally robust connection between acne and these diseases. 27 Our study revealed that Bacteroidaceae serves as a predisposing factor for acne, with the genus comprising 78 species and 5 subspecies. Among them, B. fragile (Bacteroidaceae.fragilis) stands out as the representative species, known to induce skin and soft tissue infections.…”

“…The gut microbiota can be regarded as a distinct endocrine organ within the human body, 25 and its composition, functional endocrine interactions, and association with obesity, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and stress-related disorders, 26 suggest an equally robust connection between acne and these diseases. 27 …”

“…34 Our findings support the hypothesis that acne and T2DM share a common pathogenesis. 27 Histamine (HA), a ubiquitous substance in living organisms, has emerged as a central neurotransmitter associated with obesity, diabetes, and endocrinology in recent years. 35 The genus Allisonella has the ability to metabolize histamine, 36 a component of the leptin signaling pathway, 37,38 which plays a crucial role in regulating feeding behavior and metabolic processes within the body.…”

Exploring the Metabolic and Endocrine Preconditioning Associated with Thyroid Disorders: Risk Assessment and Association with Acne Severity

“…It is generally recognized that a kinase pathway known as the target of mammalian mTORC1 can lead to the development of insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes [33,34], which is also one of the important mechanisms of acne pathogenesis. Comorbidities, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes, which are all high-risk factors for cardiovascular disease, can interact with one another [35]. However, when considering each disease present, this study obtained significant differences (p < 0.05) between the patients' age and the prevalence of insulin resistance syndrome, HBP, dyslipidemia, obesity, autoimmune thyroiditis, autoimmune thyroiditis with hypothyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis with hyperthyroidism as metabolic and endocrine preconditions of acne.…”

Research progress on the role of macrophages in acne and regulation by natural plant products

“…Recently, several authors have emphasized the association between acne and metabolic diseases, positing that acne is essentially a metabolic disorder (60,61). Disruption of sebum metabolism represents the primary characteristic of acne and is also deemed a necessary condition for its onset (62,63).…”