Acquired esophageal stricture in the dog: a case report

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Complicated case, which a�er several surgical interventions ended up with an acquired esophageal stricture is presented. The possibility of reflux esophagitis should be kept in mind during postoperative period, especially in primarily troubled patients. An early management of reflux esophagitis could prevent such a condition successfully and help taking full control of a patient a�er surgery. This report describes etiology of the problem, follows its dynamics, as well as evaluates treatment options suggested in textbook against options available and those finally applied a�er consulting the owner. Authors try to point out cardial incompetence as one of the most important etiological factors. Despite some early remissions, authors finally succeeded to extend the diameter in the site of the stricture from 5 mm to over 15 mm within seven sessions performed in the period of six months, improving functional outcome.

Gastroesophageal reflux in anesthetized dogs: a review

“…Some of the characteristics of the etiology, pathophysiology, and treatments of GERD in humans can be applied to GER during anesthesia in dogs. The anatomy, defense mechanisms and relaxation factors of the LES serve as a basis to the understanding of GER during anesthesia, which is why we will discuss some aspects of human GERD in this review (Jergens, 2004;Vlasin et al . , 2004).…”

“…Also, during anesthesia there is a reduction of peristalsis and a lack of saliva that neutralizes acid pH, contributing to the development of esophagitis (Jergens, 2004). It is possible that animals presenting GER during anesthesia had an existing problem of the cardia, predisposing them to reflux, especially with the use of medications that relax the LES (Vlasin et al ., 2004). In order for GER to occur in dogs, three defense components must fail: a) an external mechanism formed by the diaphragmatic crura that wraps like a sling around the abdominal esophagus augments sphincteric pressure during inspiration; b) an internal mechanism constituted by the intrinsic muscle of the distal portion of the esophageal wall; and c) the circular muscle fibers of the stomach.…”

Refluxo gastroesofágico em cadelas submetidas à ovário-histerectomia convencional ou videoassistida

“…Várias podem ser as consequências do refluxo gastroesofágico, dentre elas: azia, esofagite (Münster et al, 2013), estenose esofágica (Adamama-Moraitou et al, 2002;Camargo et al, 2003;Vlasin et al, 2004;Corgozinho et al, 2006;Favarato et al, 2010;Silva et al, 2010;Lam et al, 2013;Oliveira et al, 2013;Ovbey et al, 2014) e pneumonia aspirativa (Adamama-Moraitou et al, 2002;Favarato et al, 2010;Ovbey et al, 2014). Dessa forma, os autores indicam sempre o manejo clínico de pacientes nos quais se constata essa alteração, incluindo atualmente o uso de omeprazol, independentemente do grau de refluxo ocorrido.…”

Successful treatment of a dog with phenobarbital‐responsive sialadenosis and an oesophageal stricture

“…After an oesophageal stricture is diagnosed, improvements in clinical symptoms can be expected only when the reduction in oesophageal diameter is relieved using physical methods such as balloon dilation, application of an indwelling oesophageal feeding tube or stenting (Adamama-Moraitou et al, 2002;Harai et al, 1995;Lam et al, 2013;Tan et al, 2018;Vlasin et al, 2004).…”

“…Common causes of oesophagitis include persistent vomiting, foreign bodies in the oesophagus and gastro‐oesophageal reflux that usually occurs during anaesthesia (Adamama‐Moraitou et al., 2002). After an oesophageal stricture is diagnosed, improvements in clinical symptoms can be expected only when the reduction in oesophageal diameter is relieved using physical methods such as balloon dilation, application of an indwelling oesophageal feeding tube or stenting (Adamama‐Moraitou et al., 2002; Harai et al., 1995; Lam et al., 2013; Tan et al., 2018; Vlasin et al., 2004).…”