Acquisition of Cancer Stem Cell Behaviour Plays a Role in Drug Resistance to Combination Chemotherapy and Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer

Abstract

The purpose of this comprehensive review was to evaluate and identify the performance of composite/ceramic onlays versus crowns. The strength of the evidence is based on published trials, systematic reviews and observational studies. Methods: The dental literature was reviewed for controlled clinical studies and retrospective cross-sectional studies from 1966 to 2013. Longevity of onlay or crown is dependent upon many different factors, including material, patient-and dentist-related. Principal reasons for failure were secondary caries fractures, marginal deficiencies, wear and postoperative sensitivity. Minimally invasive dentistry, in cases in which it is appropriate, is a concept that preserves dentition, supports structures and involves low cost therapy.

MicroRNA profiling of cisplatin-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines enriched with cancer-stem-cell-like and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-type features

“…In our observation we found that CD44 expression was considerably high in recurrant-origin SCC084/R cell line compared to primary tumour-origin SCC131/R cell line. Similar observation also substantiates our data and revealed that CD44 expression is correlated with local recurrence in oral cancer 24 30 , whereas c-Myc overexpression predicts aggressive transformation and poor outcome in lymphomas and other malignancies 30 31 . Another study on breast cancer reported that Oct-4 promote the EMT of CSCs and are associated with poor prognosis 32 .…”

“…Equally, an increase in the CSC markers (CD44, c-Myc, and Oct-4) in these resistant cells demonstrated an enrichment of cells with CSC-like nature further substantiating our finding at functional protein level. In several reports CD44, c-Myc and Oct-4 are predicted as a poor prognostic marker in different malignancies 24 29 30 31 . In our observation we found that CD44 expression was considerably high in recurrant-origin SCC084/R cell line compared to primary tumour-origin SCC131/R cell line.…”

“…Therefore, the understanding of the resistance mechanisms to chemo-radiation-therapy is indispensable and a systemic attempt is needed to improve the outcome of the head and neck cancer patients. Recent reports suggested that the short/long term exposure of cisplatin treatment leads to the enrichment of residual cells with cancer stem-like cells in association with EMT in different solid tumours 23 24 . The novelty of the present study is the use of cisplatin-resistant cell lines of two different parent cell lines originated from recurrent and primary tumours of OSCC patient, to dissect out the cellular mechanisms responsible for survival and the subsequent behaviour of cisplatin-resistance in OSCC and here we establish the association of CSC specific markers, EMT and cellular migration with the survival mechanism of resistant OSCC cells.…”

“…All these molecular expression has strong correlation with EMT, invasion and metastasis and overall poor survivality in different solid tumour malignancies 15 17 18 19 . Increased level of BMI1 has been considered as a poor prognostic marker in oral cancer 16 24 . In concordance with our study, a very recent study has also reported that the triple (Taxol, platinum, 5-fluorouracil) drug-resistance, mediated through P-gp (MDR-1), MRP-2 and survivin, is coupled with the acquisition of cancer stem cell behaviour in association with induced EMT in head and neck cancer and they suggested that acquired drug-resistance is probably achieved by induction of these molecules through multiple EMT and CSC-mediated pathways and showed significant correlation with the prognostic outcome of the patient 24 .…”

Cancer stem cell mediated acquired chemoresistance in head and neck cancer can be abrogated by aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 A1 inhibition

“…Studies using drug resistant cell lines have demonstrated evidences for CSC mediated treatment resistance in ovarian, lung, and breast cancers [17][18][19]. In head and neck cancer, we have reported that cell lines resistant to chemotherapy acquire CSC-specific properties with deregulation of cell cycle patterns and resistance to apoptosis being the suggested modes of resistance [4]. Additionally, previous studies have documented the efficacy of an HDAC inhibitor, Chidamide, in targeting the leukemic stem cell population by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in in vitro cell line models [20].…”