Acrocoelus glossobalani gen. nov. et sp. nov., a protistan flagellate from the gut of the enteropneust Glossabalanus minutus

Fernández, Irina; Pardos, Fernando; Benito, Jesús; Arroyo, Nina Larissa

doi:10.1016/s0932-4739(99)80022-4

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is possible that the common ancestor of all alveolates and the last ancestor of dinoflagellates and apicomplexans possessed a ventral groove that is homologous to the feeding groove emphasized by the “excavate hypothesis” (Simpson and Patterson 1999). Quite a few enigmatic alveolates possess distinct ventral grooves, such as Colponema, Acrocoelus , and many species of Colpodella (Fernandez et al 1999; Mignot and Brugerolle, 1975; Myl'nikov 1991; Simpson and Patterson 1996), and it may even turn out that the sulcus of dinoflagellates is homologous to these grooves. However, confidence in these hypotheses awaits more research on a number of key taxa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is becoming more apparent, however, that there are a variety of alveolates that do not fit neatly within the three major groups discussed above, such as Acrocoelus, Colpodella, Colponema, Cryptophagus, Oxyrrhis, Parvilucifera , and Perkinsus (Brugerolle 2002; Dodge and Crawford 1971; Fernandez et al 1999; Mignot and Brugerolle 1975; Myl'nikov 1991, 2000; Noren et al 1999; Perkins 1976, 1996; Saldarriaga et al 2002; Siddall et al 1997, 2001; Simpson and Patterson 1996). The combination of features in these taxa suggest that they may be very important for inferring specific states in ancestral alveolates and for understanding the early evolution of apicomplexans, dinoflagellates, and ciliates.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Phylogeny of Colpodellids (Alveolata) Using Small Subunit rRNA Gene Sequences Suggests They are the Free‐living Sister Group to Apicomplexans

Kuvardina

Leander

Aleshin

et al. 2002

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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In an attempt to reconstruct early alveolate evolution, we have examined the phylogenetic position of colpodellids by analyzing small subunit rDNA sequences from Colpodella pontica Myl'nikov 2000 and Colpodella sp. (American Type Culture Collection 50594). All phylogenetic analyses grouped the colpodellid sequences together with strong support and placed them strongly within the Alveolata. Most analyses showed colpodellids as the sister group to an apicomplexan clade, albeit with weak support. Sequences from two perkinsids, Perkinsus and Parvilucifera, clustered together and consistently branched as the sister group to dinoflagellates as shown previously. These data demonstrate that colpodellids and perkinsids are plesiomorphically similar in morphology and help provide a phylogenetic framework for inferring the combination of character states present in the last common ancestor of dinoflagellates and apicomplexans. We can infer that this ancestor was probably a myzocytotic predator with two heterodynamic flagella, micropores, trichocysts, rhoptries, micronemes, a polar ring, and a coiled open-sided conoid. This ancestor also very likely contained a plastid, but it is presently not certain whether it was photosynthetic, and it is not clear whether extant perkinsids or colpodellids have retained the organelle.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phylogeny of Colpodellids (Alveolata) Using Small Subunit rRNA Gene Sequences Suggests They are the Free‐living Sister Group to Apicomplexans

Kuvardina

Leander

Aleshin

et al. 2002

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…This is a gap that needs to be filled by future research. Semiopen (Brugerolle 2002a) Acrocoelus No (Fernandez et al 1999) ? ?…”

Section: Chapter 4: Origin and Evolution Of Dinoflagellate Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular data and the evolutionary history of dinoflagellates

Saldarriaga

Taylor

Cavalier‐Smith

et al. 2004

European Journal of Protistology

203

226

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New sequences of ribosomal and protein genes were combined with available morphological and paleontological data to produce a phylogenetic framework for dinoflagellates. The evolutionary history of some of the major morphological features of the group was then investigated in the light of that framework. Phylogenetic trees of dinoflagellates based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU) are generally poorly resolved but include many wellsupported clades, and while combined analyses of SSU and LSU (large subunit ribosomal RNA) improve the support for several nodes, they are still generally unsatisfactory. Protein-gene based trees lack the degree of species representation necessary for meaningful in-group phylogenetic analyses, but do provide important insights to the phylogenetic position of dinoflagellates as a whole and on the identity of their close relatives. Molecular data agree with paleontology in suggesting an early evolutionary radiation of the group, but whereas paleontological data include only taxa with fossilizable cysts, the new data examined here establish that this radiation event included all dinokaryotic lineages, including athecate forms. Plastids were lost and replaced many times in dinoflagellates, a situation entirely unique for this group. Histones could well have been lost earlier in the lineage than previously assumed. The closest relatives to the dinokaryotic dinoflagellates appear to be apicomplexans, Perkinsus and Parvilucifera, syndinians and Oxyrrhis. Gonyaulacales, Dinophysiales and an expanded Suessiales are all holophyletic orders, while Gymnodiniales, Blastodiniales and Phytodiniales as currently circumscribed are polyphyletic. Peridiniales is likely to be a paraphyletic taxon that probably gave rise to Dinophysiales and Prorocentrales, as well as to several groups of Gymnodiniales and Blastodiniales, and possibly also to Gonyaulacales.

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“…Colponema [58] lacks obvious structures related to an apical complex, yet it is clearly a predatory alveolate that closely resembles Colpodella in general morphology and behavior. Acrocoelus [32] is a biflagellated intestinal parasite of marine worms that lacks a conoid but possesses rhoptry-like organelles associated with an apical concavity. Several enigmatic organisms with alveolate-like features have not been shown for the sake of brevity, such as Pirsonia [59] and Phagodinium [60].…”

Section: Morphostasis In Alveolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2), an intestinal parasite of hemichordate worms that has two flagella and rhoptry-like extrusive organelles, but appears to lack conoid-like scaffolding. Instead, it has an anterior concavity that appears to function as a conoid [32]. The phylogenetic position of Acrocoelus is unknown, but the absence of a conoid in the presence of rhoptries could indicate that either Acrocoelus has lost a conoid or it represents an intermediate stage in the evolution of the apical complex (perhaps providing the initial morphogenetic template for conoid evolution).…”

Section: Morphostasis In Alveolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%