Acrylamide-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes

Abstract

<jats:p> Acrylamide (AA), a widely used industrial chemical, is shown to be neurotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different doses of AA on lipid peroxidation (LPO), haemolysis, methaemoglobin (MetHb) and antioxidant system in human erythrocytes in vitro. Erythrocyte solutions were incubated with 0.10, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mM of AA at 37°C for 1 hour. At the end of the incubation, malondialdehyde (MDA), an end product of LPO, was determined by liquid chromatography (LC) while total glutathione, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzymes and the rates of haemolysis and MetHb were determined by spectrophotometric methods. All of the studied concentrations of AA increased MetHb formation and SOD activity, and induced MDA formation and haemolysis due to the destruction of erythrocyte cell membrane. AA caused a decrease in the activities of GSH-Px, CAT and GSH levels. However, these effects of AA were seen only at higher concentrations than AA intake estimated for populations in many countries. We suggest that LPO process may not be involved in the toxic effects of AA in low concentrations, although the present results showed that the studied concentrations of AA exert deteriorating effects on antioxidant enzyme activities, LPO process and haemolysis. </jats:p>

Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Salvia officinalis Leaves on some Physiological Parameters Aspects in Acrylamide-Treated Rats

“…cyclophosphatimide treatment has been shown to cause an elevation of micronuclei function in bone marrow of mice and significant decrease in interphase index (MI) (Al-Naimy et al, 2010). This may be due deleterious effect of Cys on bone marrow cell due its free radical producing activity, or it may be due to defect in mitotic spindle composition during cell division (Srivastava et al, 1983) and consequently causing mitosis deficiency (Catalgol et al, 2009). Cyclosporine is thought be decrease breakage of Anaphase Bridge during cell division and DNA damage (Indran et al, 2008).…”

Effects of Acrylamide Treatment on Oxidant and Antioxidant Levels in Rats

“…Statistical analyses were done using SPSS v. 16.0 (SPSS Inc.,IL, USA). Groups of data were compared with an analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's multiple comparison tests.…”

“…An often used and easily detectable parameter for the serum antioxidative and oxidant properties are the total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) [14,15] . It has been showed that the high concentrations of ACR exert deteriorating effects on antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation process and haemolysis in human erythrocytes in vitro [16] . Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a novel marker of tissue ischemia [17] .…”

“…Studies describing the role of oxidative stress in ACR toxicity are limited, although the main pathways for metabolism of ACR occur either through conjugation with reduced glutathione (GSH) or via epoxidation to glycidamide [16] . Also, to our knowledge, the effects of intermediate doses of ACR on serum IMA, TAS and TOS levels in rats have not been investigated yet.…”

“…Firstly, ACR can undergo radical-mediated polymerization. Secondly, it can be metabolized to an epoxide derivate, glycidamide, presumably by cytochrome P4502E1, being readily reactive toward DNA and other macromolecules [16] .…”