Acrylonitrile-Based Nitric Oxide Releasing Melt-Spun Fibers for Enhanced Wound Healing

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in physiological functions in the body, naturally synthesized by nitric oxide synthase. NO was discovered as the endotheliumderived relaxing factor, allowing for vasodilation to occur in blood vessels, thus preventing platelet aggregation. It is also known as an antimicrobial agent. As it has been shown to enhance wound healing, recent efforts have been made to incorporate NO into thromboresistant polymers for medical devices. In this work, an acrylonitrile-co-1-vinylimidazole (AN/ VIM) copolymer was melt-spun to produce a surgical suture type material with high durability and tensile strength which can store and release NO. The acrylonitrile (AN) comonomers are stabilized in the melt-spinning process, allowing for the formation of the NO molecular donor group, a diazeniumdiolate or NONOate. When AN/VIM is reacted with NO, the NONOate will form on AN segments. Each NONOate releases two molar equivalents of NO upon reaction with a proton source. The fiber mechanical properties were maintained after the polymer is reacted with NO. To control the release of NO, the suture is dipped in polycaprolactone (PCL), creating a porous coating on the fiber. A delayed release is desired in order for NO to be effective in wound healing over long periods of time. The biodegradable coating significantly slows release of the NO compared to the uncoated fiber. Over a course of 3 days, the PCL coated melt-spun AN/VIM copolymer releases a total of 84 μmol NO/g.

Copolymers of acrylonitrile with quaternizable thiazole and triazole side-chain methacrylates as potent antimicrobial and hemocompatible systems

“…Due to its importance in textile, water treatment or medicinal industries, many strategies are found to develop antimicrobial PAN materials in the latest years [9,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. For instance, recent research has focused on antimicrobial PAN nanofibers by adding silver nanoparticles [22,25,26], blends with other bioactive polymers [20,21,27], composites [19,23,28,29], chemical modification [30] or even adding antibiotics [18,22,25,31]. However, there exist only a few reported examples of antimicrobial PAN copolymers [32][33][34].…”

Controlled nitric oxide release for tissue repair and regeneration

“…In addition, the rate of NO release can be easily handled and manipulated by altering the PLA fiber porosity. Analogously, melt-spun fiber also had the capability of binding NO adducts, such as diazeniumdiolates (NONOates) (Lowe et al, 2012). In order to manipulate NO release, the fiber is dipped in biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) to create a porous coating on its surface.…”

Nitric oxide- and cisplatin-releasing silica nanoparticles for use against non-small cell lung cancer

“…4(a) shows a band at 1370 cm −1 , which is absent in the AMS1 (Fig. S3 (a)) before NO loading and is assigned to symmetric and asymmetric stretching modes [59] of the NONO functional group. The N\ \H bending band at 1490 cm − 1 was normalized to Si\ \O\ \Si vibration at 1030 cm −1 (Fig.…”