Actinic granuloma: a history of photoexacerbation and the importance of a radial ‘three-zone’ biopsy

Wee, J. S.; Moosa, Y.; Misch, K.J.; Chong, Heung; Natkunarajah, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2012.04451.x

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…87 SUMMARY EAGCG is an uncommon skin disorder that should be differentiated from other granulomatous skin disorders like GA. Although the giant cell pattern is the most frequent, there are other histologic variants that must be known.…”

Section: Evaluation and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastolytic Actinic Giant Cell Granuloma

Gutiérrez‐González

Pereiro

Toribio

2015

Dermatologic Clinics

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Section: Evaluation and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastolytic Actinic Giant Cell Granuloma

Gutiérrez‐González

Pereiro

Toribio

2015

Dermatologic Clinics

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“…IGD presents as violaceous, nonpruritic indurated linear cords or bands on the trunk or axillae and is often associated with arthritis . AG is also characterized by erythematous, annular plaques but is found specifically on sun‐exposed areas and is histologically distinct, lacking necrobiosis and mucin, and confined to the superficial dermis …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 AG is also characterized by erythematous, annular plaques but is found specifically on sun-exposed areas and is histologically distinct, lacking necrobiosis and mucin, and confined to the superficial dermis. 4 The objective of this study was to summarize the reported treatments of GA, IGD, and AG with biologics to date. We compare the length of diagnosis, previously failed therapies, length of treatment, adverse effects, and patient outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of biologics in the treatment of chronic granuloma annulare

2019

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Background Granuloma annulare (GA), a benign inflammatory skin disease, is considered a Th1‐type delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Localized GA is likely to resolve spontaneously, whereas disseminated GA (DGA) may persist for decades and can be resistant to treatment. Biologics including TNF‐α inhibitors have been proposed and utilized as salvage therapy for GA and other related diseases, interstitial granulomatous dermatitis (IGD), and actinic granuloma (AG). Methods A systematic review was conducted using the combination of search terms “granuloma annulare,” “interstitial granulomatous dermatitis,” or “actinic granuloma” and either “biologics,” “etanercept,” “adalimumab,” “infliximab,” “ustekinumab,” “ixekizumab,” “secukinumab,” “guselkumab,” “golimumab,” “brodalumab,” “tildrakizumab,” or “certolizumab” from the years 1970–2017. Results Review of the literature revealed that 79.3% of the patients with GA, IGD, or AG who had been treated with demonstrated TNF‐α inhibitor therapy a clinical response. Conclusions TNF‐α inhibitor therapy has been used to treat chronic GA, IGD, and AG that involved extensive body surface areas. However, the literature is limited to case series lacking control groups. Randomized, controlled trials are required to establish evidence‐based treatment of GA and related cutaneous, granulomatous conditions.

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“…A list of possible differentials for our patient included photodermatoses (lack of suggestive histopathologic findings in this patient rules it out), granuloma annulare, necrobiosis (lack of evidence of DM), drug-induced photosensitivity (lack of consumption of associated medications), dermal manifestations of auto-immune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (negative ANA titer). Al Hoqail et al and a few other studies concluded the following from their studies [ 3 , 8 , 19 , 20 ] :…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%