Action of Nitroglycerin and Amyl Nitrite in Labile and Essential Hypertension

Chrysant, Steven G.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1977.03630240036013

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nitroglycerin has been shown to effectively reduce systolic rather than diastolic pressure (Christensson et al, 1969;Chrysant et al, 1977). The most involved mechanism to explain the pressure decrease is the action of the drug on the venous system through venodilatation and decreased venous return, causing a reduction in stroke volume (Mason, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nitroglycerin on peripheral large arteries in hypertension.

Simon¹,

Levenson²,

Bi³

et al. 1982

Brit J Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1 Blood pressure, systemic arterial compliance, and diameter, blood flow velocity, volumic flow and impedance of the brachial artery were measured before and after intravenous administration of nitroglycerin (15 ,Ag/min during 15 min) in 11 patients with sustained essential hypertension. 2 For the evaluation of the diameter of the brachial artery, a bidimensional pulsed Doppler was used, enabling the angle of the ultrasound beam relative to the flowing stream of blood to be measured. with an error of less than 2%. 3 After nitroglycerin, systolic pressure significantly decreased (P < 0.01) without significant change in diastolic and mean arterial pressures, cardiac index, stroke index and total peripheral resistance. 4 Systemic arterial compliance and brachial artery diameter significantly increased (P < 0.001; P < 0.01) while velocity and blood flow of the brachial artery were unchanged. 5 The pattern of the input impedance of the brachial artery was consistent with a predominant effect of nitroglycerin on the viscoelastic properties of peripheral large arteries. 6 The study provided evidence that, in hypertensive patients, nitroglycerin has a direct effect on peripheral large arteries, causing an increase in arterial diameter and compliance, thus leading to a predominant decrease in systolic pressure.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nitroglycerin on peripheral large arteries in hypertension.

Simon¹,

Levenson²,

Bi³

et al. 1982

Brit J Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Altered Hemodynamic Response to Isosorbide Dinitrate in Essential Hypertension

Pannier

Kando

Safarian

et al. 1990

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Relaxation produced by nitrates on venous, arteriolar, and large arterial vessels is well known but has never been studied in human hypertensive aortas studied in vivo. In this investigation, the effects of acute oral administration of 20 mg of isosorbide dinitrate were evaluated in 12 patients with sustained essential hypertension and nine normotensives of the same age. Noninvasive measurements of systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and aortic-arch diastolic diameter using suprasternal echocardiography were determined before and 3 hours after drug administration. In normal subjects, isosorbid dinitrate significantly decreased systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure but did not affect diastolic and mean arterial pressure. In contrast, in hypertensives, the same dosage of isosorbid dinitrate decreased together systolic, diastolic mean, and pulse pressure. In both populations, pulse wave velocity decreased significantly whereas aortic arch diastolic diameter increased markedly. The increase was observed mainly in normal subjects. The study provided evidence that (1) both in normal subjects and hypertensives, isosorbide dinitrate caused an increase in aortic diameter together with an increase in arterial distensibility; and (2) the changes in mean arterial pressure were significant only in hypertensives, indicating that the altered vasodilator response in essential hypertension is not endothelium-mediated.

show abstract

Cardiovascular, baroreflex and humoral responses in hypertensive patients during nicardipine therapy

Coruzzi

Musiari

et al. 1985

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cardiovascular, baroreflex and humoral responses were evaluated in 8 patients with essential hypertension during a control period and then after oral treatment for 5 days with nicardipine hydrochloride 60 mg/d, a calcium channel antagonist. Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial cuff pressures fell after the treatment from 145.7, 98.6 and 114 mmHg control to 136.5, 86.1 and 102.9 mmHg. Heart rate increased from 71 to 78.7 beats/min indicating activation of the baroreflex control mechanism. Neurally mediated changes in the cardiovascular responses to an increase in carotid baroceptor activity and to dynamic exercise were not affected by the drug, nor was the renin-aldosterone system. Thus, a clinically dose of nicardipine significantly reduced mean arterial pressure, whilst preserving circulatory homeostasis.

show abstract

Action of Nitroglycerin and Amyl Nitrite in Labile and Essential Hypertension

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of nitroglycerin on peripheral large arteries in hypertension.

Effect of nitroglycerin on peripheral large arteries in hypertension.

Altered Hemodynamic Response to Isosorbide Dinitrate in Essential Hypertension

Cardiovascular, baroreflex and humoral responses in hypertensive patients during nicardipine therapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About