Activated Amorphous Carbon With High-Porosity Derived From Camellia Pollen Grains as Anode Materials for Lithium/Sodium Ion Batteries

Abstract

Carbonaceous anode materials are commonly utilized in the energy storage systems, while their unsatisfied electrochemical performances hardly meet the increasing requirements for advanced anode materials. Here, activated amorphous carbon (AAC) is synthesized by carbonizing renewable camellia pollen grains with naturally hierarchical structure, which not only maintains abundant micro- and mesopores with surprising specific surface area (660 m2 g−1), but also enlarges the interlayer spacing from 0.352 to 0.4 nm, effectively facilitating ions transport, intercalation, and adsorption. Benefiting from such unique characteristic, AAC exhibits 691.7 mAh g−1 after 1200 cycles at 2 A g−1, and achieves 459.7, 335.4, 288.7, 251.7, and 213.5 mAh g−1 at 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 A g−1 in rate response for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Additionally, reversible capacities of 324.8, 321.6, 312.1, 298.9, 282.3, 272.4 mAh g−1 at various rates of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 A g−1 are preserved for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The results reveal that the AAC anode derived from camellia pollen grains can display excellent cyclic life and superior rate performances, endowing the infinite potential to extend its applications in LIBs and SIBs.

Preparation of Hierarchical Porous Activated Carbon from Banana Leaves for High‐performance Supercapacitor: Effect of Type of Electrolytes on Performance

“…The ratio of the intensity of the D band to that of the G band (i. e., I D / I G and counting peak area as intensity) slightly decreased from 1.17 for the NAC sample to 1.01 for the ACNSs sample, further illustrating the enhancement in the degree of graphitization for the ACNSs. Furthermore, based on comparing the I D / I G ratios, ACNSs demonstrated a greater graphitization degree than the NAC sample, providing a critical foundation for improving electrical conductivity [15] …”

“…Since EDLCs store energy physically at the electrode‐electrolyte interface based on an electrochemical double‐layer (EDL) mechanism, a high specific surface area is the basic requirement for the AC materials [7,8] . There have been many reports since the turn of the 21 st century on the preparation of porous ACs with high specific surface areas [9–17] . In general, the trend has been to increase capacitance by increasing surface area [18,19] .…”

Hydrothermally Carbonized Waste Biomass as Electrocatalyst Support for α-MnO2 in Oxygen Reduction Reaction

“…The crystal phase of activated carbon was determined using XRD ( Figure 5). In the analysis, a broad peak was identified at 15-30 degrees, which indicates the presence of amorphous carbon [46,47]. The broad diffraction peaks in 20.8 and 21.6 in XRD pattern refers to the (002) facet [46].…”

Stable fast‐charging electrodes derived from hierarchical porous carbon for lithium‐ion batteries

“…However, LIBs, using synthesized ACs in previous studies, usually exhibited poor cyclic stability at high current densities 12,13 . Although ACs contain porous structures, their pore size and structure are not suitable for long‐term cycling under fast‐charging conditions 14,15 …”

“…12,13 Although ACs contain porous structures, their pore size and structure are not suitable for long-term cycling under fast-charging conditions. 14,15 In this study, three kinds of ACs with different properties, such as pore structure and surface functional groups, were prepared and used as active anode materials in LIBs. The effect of their LIB properties was studied, and also cyclic stability was compared under fastcharging conditions.…”