Activation of 5-HT2a receptors in the basolateral amygdala promotes defeat-induced anxiety and the acquisition of conditioned defeat in Syrian hamsters

Clinard, Catherine T.; Bader, Lauren R.; Sullivan, Molly; Cooper, Matthew A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.11.016

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…In the social interaction test, one restrained animal briefly showed submissive behavior toward the intruder, and several restrained animals displayed aggressive behavior. These data are similar to agonistic behavior displayed by non-stressed hamsters in a resident-intruder paradigm, and indicate that acute restraint stress does not alter subsequent agonistic behavior [16, 19, 34, 37]. In the other behavioral tests, restrained animals tended to differ from non-restrained controls on some measures, but not always in a direction that would be considered anxiety-like.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The first cohort of animals received restraint stress and then a social interaction test 24 hours later, which is similar to the conditioned defeat test we have previously used to investigate the effects of social defeat stress in Syrian hamsters [34]. A smaller, younger, non-aggressive hamster was placed for 5 minutes into the subject’s home cage (n=12).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dominance status alters restraint-induced neural activity in brain regions controlling stress vulnerability

Cooper

Seddighi

Barnes

et al. 2017

Physiology & Behavior

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Understanding the cellular mechanisms that control resistance and vulnerability to stress is an important step toward identifying novel targets for the prevention and treatment of stress-related mental illness. In Syrian hamsters, dominant and subordinate animals exhibit different behavioral and physiological responses to social defeat stress, with dominants showing stress resistance and subordinates showing stress vulnerability. We previously found that dominant and subordinate hamsters show different levels of defeat-induced neural activity in brain regions that modulate coping with stress, although the extent to which status-dependent differences in stress vulnerability generalize to non-social stressors is unknown. In this study, dominant, subordinate, and control male Syrian hamsters were exposed to acute physical restraint for 30 minutes and restraint-induced c-Fos immunoreactivity was quantified in select brain regions. Subordinate animals showed less restraint-induced c-Fos immunoreactivity in the infralimbic (IL), prelimbic (PL), and ventral medial amygdala (vMeA) compared to dominants, which is consistent with the status-dependent effects of social defeat stress. Subordinate animals did not show increased c-Fos immunoreactivity in the rostroventral dorsal raphe nucleus (rvDRN), which is in contrast to the effects of social defeat stress. These findings indicate that status-dependent changes in neural activity generalize from one stressor to another in a brain region-dependent manner. These findings further suggest that while some neural circuits may support a generalized form of stress resistance, others may provide resistance to specific stressors.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominance status alters restraint-induced neural activity in brain regions controlling stress vulnerability

Cooper

Seddighi

Barnes

et al. 2017

Physiology & Behavior

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“…Proteolytic cleavage of BDNF and social defeat www.learnmem.org in social motivation is similar to the avoidance and submissive/ defensive behavior displayed by Syrian hamsters after acute social defeat (McCann et al 2014;Clinard et al 2015). Other studies using mice indicate that three 2-min social defeat encounters lead to avoidance of odor for familiar aggressors as well as increased c-Fos in the BLA, medial prefrontal cortex, and CA1 layer of the hippocampus (Bourne et al 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Mice (C57BL/6; Harlan Laboratories) were subjected to acute social defeat stress using a resident-intruder model adapted from the social defeat literature in Syrian hamsters (Huhman et al 2003;McCann et al 2014;Clinard et al 2015). Social defeat training consisted of three, 2-min aggressive encounters in the home cage of a novel CD1 resident aggressor mouse with 2-min intertrial intervals in the subjects' home cage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Proteolytic cleavage of proBDNF into mature BDNF in the basolateral amygdala is necessary for defeat-induced social avoidance

et al. 2016

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for memory processes. The present study tested whether proteolytic cleavage of proBDNF into mature BDNF (mBDNF) within the basolateral amygdala (BLA) regulates the consolidation of defeat-related memories. We found that acute social defeat increases the expression of mBDNF, but not proBDNF, in the BLA/central amygdala. We also showed that blocking plasmin in the BLA with microinjection of α2-antiplasmin immediately following social defeat decreases social avoidance 24 h later. These data suggest the proteolytic cleavage of BDNF in the BLA is necessary for defeat-induced social avoidance.

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“…SAP is usually evaluated using its frequency of occurrence 8,18,19 , although some have quantified SAP in both duration and frequency 11,13,15 . Researchers to date have scored ethological behaviors manually either with the aid of Observer XT [20][21][22] or without computer-aided assistance 16,[23][24][25] . Some investigators are even using EthoVision XT for spatiotemporal measurements while using trained observers for manually recording ethological behaviors such as SAP [26][27][28][29] .…”

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confidence: 99%

MATSAP: An Automated Analysis of Stretch-Attend Posture in Rodent Behavioral Experiments

Holly

Murray

2016

2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)

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Stretch-attend posture (SAP) occurs during risk assessment and is prevalent in common rodent behavioral tests. Measuring this behavior can enhance behavioral tests. For example, stretch-attend posture is a more sensitive measure of the effects of anxiolytics than traditional spatiotemporal indices. However, quantifying stretch-attend posture using human observers is time consuming, somewhat subjective, and prone to errors. We have developed MATLAB-based software, MATSAP, which is a quick, consistent, and open source program that provides objective automated analysis of stretchattend posture in rodent behavioral experiments. Unlike human observers, MATSAP is not susceptible to fatigue or subjectivity. We assessed MATSAP performance with videos of male Swiss mice moving in an open field box and in an elevated plus maze. MATSAP reliably detected stretch-attend posture on par with human observers. This freely-available program can be broadly used by biologists and psychologists to accelerate neurological, pharmacological, and behavioral studies.Rodent behavioral analysis is often used to assess the effects of pharmaceuticals, implanted devices, or surgical procedures in preclinical research. The development of image analysis tools has enabled researchers to quantitatively assess various rodent behaviors quickly and objectively 1,2 . However, most automated scoring programs track patterns in spatial locomotor exploration and neglect ethological behaviors, such as head dipping and stretch-attend posture (SAP) 1 . Currently, there is no accurate tracking and scoring software that can directly detect SAP 3 . SAP, which is generally associated with anxiety, occurs when the rodent lowers its back, elongates its body, and is either standing still or moving forward very slowly 4 . SAP is a naturally occurring behavior found in rodents, such as mice, etc. that can be reliably intensified by certain experimental paradigms, such as placing the rodent in an open-field test 4,5 . In mice, the SAP behavior occurs when the mouse is undergoing risk-assessment specifically due to an internal exploratory-anxiety conflict. It can also occur under fearful risk-assessment where SAP would be an ambivalent element reflecting an approach-avoidance tendency 4,6 . When SAP is present during a passive avoidance situation, mice approach or avoid the object at nearly equal rates, which indicates they are undergoing risk-assessment during an approach-avoidance conflict 5,6 . SAP is a good identifier for conflict behavior in mice and can be used to evaluate the effects of drugs at reducing these internal conflicts 7 . During exploratory-anxiety conflict situations, SAP can be used as a valid measure of anxiety as anxiolytic drugs have successfully reduced SAP 5,7-9 .SAP has been evaluated in elevated plus maze (EPM) 10 , open field (OF) 11 , rat exposure test 12 , and canopy stretch attend posture test 8 . Increased SAP behavior of rodents near the entrance of the open arms in EPM and along the border of the canopy in the canopy stretch attend po...

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Activation of 5-HT2a receptors in the basolateral amygdala promotes defeat-induced anxiety and the acquisition of conditioned defeat in Syrian hamsters

Cited by 37 publications

References 69 publications

Dominance status alters restraint-induced neural activity in brain regions controlling stress vulnerability

Dominance status alters restraint-induced neural activity in brain regions controlling stress vulnerability

Proteolytic cleavage of proBDNF into mature BDNF in the basolateral amygdala is necessary for defeat-induced social avoidance

MATSAP: An Automated Analysis of Stretch-Attend Posture in Rodent Behavioral Experiments

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