Activation of carbon tow electrodes for use in iron aqueous redox systems for electrochemical applications

Schröder, Philipp; Aguiló-Aguayo, Noemí; Auer, Andrea; Grießer, Christoph; Kunze‐Liebhäuser, Julia; Ma, Yibo; Hummel, Michael; Obendorf, Dagmar; Bechtold, Thomas

doi:10.1039/d0tc00594k

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Acetone is expected to only remove the polyurethane-sizing of the carbon filaments, while oxidation is expected to enhance their electrochemical activity by increasing surface oxygen-containing functional groups. 17 The polyurethane sizing needs to be removed prior to electrochemical testing to allow for the electron transfer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impedance Analysis of Three-Dimensional Continuous Carbon Filament Embroidered Electrodes in Large 300 cm² Redox Flow Cells

Aguiló-Aguayo

Tschannett

Manian

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Three-dimensional (3D) continuous carbon filament electrodes prepared with tailored fiber placement (i.e. embroidered electrodes) were investigated in a 300 cm2 redox flow cell with 50% state-of-charge ferro/ferricyanide redox couple as probe electrolyte. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was performed to identify the different resistance contributions, and thus voltage losses of the electrodes. The outcomes demonstrate that: (1) High-frequency resistance values comparable to the felts can be achieved through side contacting of continuous filament electrodes to the graphite plates instead of pressing the whole electrode structure; (2) The pressure drop can be minimized with the embroidered electrodes, independently of the electrode thickness, attributed to a reduced hydraulic resistance due to the parallel orientation of the carbon filaments to the electrolyte flow; (3) An oxidation treatment to improve the wettability of the electrodes to reduce charge-transfer resistances is required, as well as an optimization duration of the activation treatment to avoid filament breakage due to etching; and (4) An enhancement of mass transfer coefficients in the embroidered electrodes was observed as compared to the felts, which was attributed to the perpendicular orientation of the carbon filaments to the electrolyte flow. The paper provides avenues for further development of 3D carbon fiber electrodes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impedance Analysis of Three-Dimensional Continuous Carbon Filament Embroidered Electrodes in Large 300 cm² Redox Flow Cells

Aguiló-Aguayo

Tschannett

Manian

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Among carbon-based materials, carbon fibres have been highlighted for their mechanical properties, high flexibility, and conductivity, as well as their high oxygen and hydrogen assessment overpotential and corrosion resistance [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of Non-Modified Carbon Fibre Bundle as an Electrode for Electrochemical Sensing

Elsakova,

Merzlikin,

Jafarov

et al. 2023

Coatings

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This study presents a simple and cost-effective method for producing carbon fibre microcylinder bundle (CFMB) electrodes that are highly stable and reproducible for electrochemical sensing applications. The CFMBs were integrated into a 3D-printed electrochemical cell and tested for dopamine (DA) detection. The results demonstrated a linear increase in current with increasing DA concentration, reaching a sensitivity of 428 nAμM−1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 8.85 μM. The CFMBs also showed high electrochemical selectivity for DA due to the similar oxidation potentials of dopamine and the chemical groups present on the surface of the CFMBs. The reproducibility of the CFMBs was also demonstrated by the low variation in background currents between different electrodes. These findings highlight the potential of CFMBs as a low-cost and effective platform for electrochemical sensing applications.

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“…Constituting each cloth electrode, the fibrous tow geometry, topology, and directionality ultimately generate diverse electrode architectures that contribute to varying fluid dynamic [11][12][13][14][15] and electrochemical behavior. 8,16 However, the propensity of individual tows for redox events has not been widely explored, 17 with most efforts isolating and studying the advective transport through idealized 18,19 or X-ray tomographic renderings. 20 Direct electrochemical measurements on fibrous tows provide a unique comparative metric: The fibrous tows are individual elements of the overall weave, whose electrochemical activity can be compared to that of an electrode in a flow cell to elucidate active species reaction kinetics and transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Fibrous Tows and Weave Pattern on Carbon Cloths as Electrodes in Redox Flow Batteries

Tenny

Chiang

Brushett

2022

Preprint

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The electrochemical and fluid dynamic performance of redox flow batteries is strongly influenced by the microstructure of the porous electrodes. Carbon cloths are a potential candidate whose hierarchical structure affects length scales associated with electrolyte flow; however, few studies have investigated the electrochemical behavior spanning from the fibrous tow to the bulk weave pattern. Here, we explore commercially activated weave patterns (plain, 8-harness satin, 2×2 basket) in an aqueous environment while quantifying reactive transport for individual tows and simulating fiber bundle electrochemical activity through multiphysics modeling. We then evaluate each woven electrode in a redox flow cell, measuring the pressure loss, polarization, and galvanostatic cycling behavior before comparing the mass-transfer relationships. We find the weave pattern strongly correlates with flow cell pressure drop, while the carbon fibers per tow influence electrochemistry and mass-transport scaling. Collectively, these results offer new insights into how advanced carbon cloths structures impact flow cell performance.

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Activation of carbon tow electrodes for use in iron aqueous redox systems for electrochemical applications

Abstract: Activation of technical carbon tow opens access to new electrode material and electrode design for all iron redox flow cells.

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Impedance Analysis of Three-Dimensional Continuous Carbon Filament Embroidered Electrodes in Large 300 cm² Redox Flow Cells

Impedance Analysis of Three-Dimensional Continuous Carbon Filament Embroidered Electrodes in Large 300 cm² Redox Flow Cells

Examination of Non-Modified Carbon Fibre Bundle as an Electrode for Electrochemical Sensing

The Effect of Fibrous Tows and Weave Pattern on Carbon Cloths as Electrodes in Redox Flow Batteries

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Activation of carbon tow electrodes for use in iron aqueous redox systems for electrochemical applications

Abstract: Activation of technical carbon tow opens access to new electrode material and electrode design for all iron redox flow cells.

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Impedance Analysis of Three-Dimensional Continuous Carbon Filament Embroidered Electrodes in Large 300 cm2 Redox Flow Cells

Impedance Analysis of Three-Dimensional Continuous Carbon Filament Embroidered Electrodes in Large 300 cm2 Redox Flow Cells

Examination of Non-Modified Carbon Fibre Bundle as an Electrode for Electrochemical Sensing

The Effect of Fibrous Tows and Weave Pattern on Carbon Cloths as Electrodes in Redox Flow Batteries

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Impedance Analysis of Three-Dimensional Continuous Carbon Filament Embroidered Electrodes in Large 300 cm² Redox Flow Cells

Impedance Analysis of Three-Dimensional Continuous Carbon Filament Embroidered Electrodes in Large 300 cm² Redox Flow Cells