“…MMP-9 is induced by adhesion molecules, mainly activated integrins, cytokines and growth factors (Beliveau et al, 2010;Zhao and Benveniste, 2008). As an example, cell binding to vitronectin or fibronectin trigger MMP-9 expression, IL-1b, TNF-a or TGF-b induce MMP-9 in a autocrine and paracrine fashion, EGF release or the aberrant activation of the EGFR result in over-expression of MMP-9 (Coulson-Thomas et al, 2010;Ehrenfeld et al, 2011;Ikari et al, 2011;Lin et al, 2009;Yu and Stamenkovic, 2000).…”