Active Cell Balancing of Li-Ion Batteries Using &lt;inline-formula&gt; &lt;tex-math notation="LaTeX"&gt;$LC$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; Series Resonant Circuit

Lee, Kyung-Min; Chung, Y.; Sung, Chang-Hyeon; Kang, Bongkoo

doi:10.1109/tie.2015.2408573

Cited by 153 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The pack-to-cell equalizer with polarity switches (Figure 2c) can further reduce the switch count as low as n + 5 [27]. The direct cell-to-cell equalizer with an energy storage medium (Figure 2d), such as a capacitor, inductor, resonant tank, etc., can reduce the switch count as low as n + 1 [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], but selection switches in many existing direct cell-to-cell equalizer must operate at a high switching frequency, for which numerous high-frequency gate drivers are also indispensable. Furthermore, four unidirectional switches are also necessary in the case of the topology in Figure 2d.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of selection switches should desirably be reduced as much as possible to simplify the circuit and to reduce the cost. Meanwhile, cell-to-cell equalizers using cell selectin switches have been intensively developed for EV battery systems [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Target cells having the lowest or highest voltages in the pack are selected by the cell selection switches so that their stored energies are exchanged to equalize cell voltages, regardless of voltage drops across internal impedance.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell Voltage Equalizer Using a Selective Voltage Multiplier with a Reduced Selection Switch Count for Series-Connected Energy Storage Cells

2019

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Cell voltage equalization is mandatory to eliminate voltage imbalance of series-connected energy storage cells, such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), to ensure years of safe operations. Although a variety of cell equalizers using selection switches have been proposed, conventional techniques require numerous switches in proportion to the cell count and are prone to complexity. This paper proposes a novel cell voltage equalizer using a selective voltage multiplier. By embedding selection switches into the voltage multiplier-based cell voltage equalizer, the number of selection switches can be reduced in comparison with that in conventional topologies, realizing the simplified circuit. A prototype for twelve cells was built, and an equalization test using LIBs was performed. The voltage imbalance decreased down to approximately 20 mV by the proposed equalizer, and the standard deviation of cell voltages at the end of the equalization test was as low as 10 mV, demonstrating its equalization performance.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Voltage Equalizer Using a Selective Voltage Multiplier with a Reduced Selection Switch Count for Series-Connected Energy Storage Cells

2019

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“…In this method, because the single switched capacitor [19] or single switched inductor [20,21] is used as a media for the charge transfer, the method is easier to implement but has a longer balancing time. The cell-to-cell LC resonant topology in [22] can achieve higher efficiency due to the soft-switching operation but the balancing speed is not fast enough and a large number of switches and gate drivers are required to implement the bidirectional switches. The coupled inductor topology in [23] and the multi-winding transformer topology in [24] use only one core and one transformer for the charge transfer, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low Cost and Fast Cell-to-Cell Balancing Circuit for Lithium-Ion Battery Strings

2020

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This paper proposes a fast cell-to-cell balancing circuit for lithium-ion battery strings. The proposed method uses only one push-pull converter to transfer energy between high-and low-voltage cells directly for a fast balancing speed. The switch network for selecting a certain pair of cells is implemented using relays to achieve a low cost. The control circuit is composed of a battery-monitoring IC and a digital signal processor (DSP) to monitor the cell voltage and to protect the batteries. In order to prove the validity of the proposed method, a prototype circuit is built with twelve lithium-ion batteries in a string. The experimental results show that it takes only 50 min to balance twelve lithium-ion batteries during the charge with 89.5% maximum efficiency. The outstanding performance of the proposed cell balancing circuit is verified through its comparison with other methods in terms of several factors, such as the balancing time and the implementation cost.

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“…Multi-output chargers are used to directly charge the series-connected batteries and eliminate the voltage imbalances during charging. Charge equalization circuits are proposed to transfer the charges among the seriesconnected batteries to eliminate the voltage imbalance [7][8][9][10][11]. However, the energy transferring between each battery would cause additional power losses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleaved PFC balance charger with passive lossless snubber for series-connected batteries

Chen

et al. 2019

IEICE Electron. Express

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An interleaved balance charger for four series-connected batteries is proposed in this study. Each battery can be charged individually in the proposed charger for balance charging process. The charger is operated in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) for power factor correction (PFC). Two flyback and two buckboost converters are input parallel-connected and controlled with multi-phase interleaving technique. The input current ripple is then greatly reduced. Each flyback converter is used to convert the charging power from the grid to one corresponding battery. The two buckboost converters are output parallel-connected and followed by a dual output converter. Two batteries in the series-connected battery tank are charged by the dual output converter. Moreover, a passive lossless snubber is proposed to recover the leakage inductance energy in the flyback converters. A 500W prototype is constructed and corresponding experiments are carried out. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the efficiency is improved by about 3% compared with the topology with common RCD snubbers. The measured power factor of the proposed charger is higher than 0.976.

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Active Cell Balancing of Li-Ion Batteries Using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$LC$</tex-math></inline-formula> Series Resonant Circuit

Cited by 153 publications

References 36 publications

Cell Voltage Equalizer Using a Selective Voltage Multiplier with a Reduced Selection Switch Count for Series-Connected Energy Storage Cells

Cell Voltage Equalizer Using a Selective Voltage Multiplier with a Reduced Selection Switch Count for Series-Connected Energy Storage Cells

A Low Cost and Fast Cell-to-Cell Balancing Circuit for Lithium-Ion Battery Strings

Interleaved PFC balance charger with passive lossless snubber for series-connected batteries

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