Active Degassing of Deeply Sourced Fluids in Central Europe: New Evidences From a Geochemical Study in Serbia

Randazzo, Paolo; Caracausi, Antonio; Aiuppa, Alessandro; Cardellini, Carlo; Chiodini, Giovanni; D’Alessandro, W.; Vigni, Lorenza Li; Papić, Petar; Marinkovic, G.; Ionescu, Anda

doi:10.1029/2021gc010017

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…But, while Italy has been widely studied in the last decades (e.g., Frondini et al., 2019 and reference therein; Rogie et al., 2000; Chiodini et al., 2011), much less information is available for the Balkans. The latter is long known to be the site of countless CO 2 ‐rich gas manifestations but relatively few have been studied to unravel the origin of the gases (Italiano et al., 2017; Marinković et al., 2012; Piperov et al., 1994; Randazzo et al., 2021; Vaselli et al., 2002). The best studied region up to now is probably Greece, the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula (Daskalopoulou et al., 2018, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duvalo “Volcano” (North Macedonia): A Purely Tectonic‐Related CO₂ Degassing System

Vigni

Cardellini

Temovski

et al. 2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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During the last decades, there has been great interest in the scientific community in estimating the degassing flux of carbon from the Earth's interior to the atmosphere. Among the greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide and methane are considered to be the most effective species contributing to the global warming. In 2011, the global abundance of CO 2 and CH 4 was, respectively, 391 ppm and 1,803 ppb (IPCC, 2014), but still increasing. The observations for 2018 reported in the fifteenth WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin show a global mean abundance of CO 2 and CH 4 respectively of 407.8 ± 0.1 ppm and 1,869 ± 2 ppb (WMO, 2019). They represent the main contributors to the total amount of geogenic carbon degassing to the atmosphere, playing a crucial role in the global carbon cycle (Delmelle & Stix, 1999). Despite a significant improvement in the worldwide data set, the global flux of CO 2 degassing from the Earth's interior is still the least well-quantified part of the global cycle (Berner & Lasaga, 1989). On geological time scales, the evolution of atmospheric CO 2 levels and Earth climate was mainly controlled by the competing effect of deeply derived CO 2 flux into the atmosphere and the atmospheric CO 2 sink by chemical weathering (Kerrick & Caldeira, 1993).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duvalo “Volcano” (North Macedonia): A Purely Tectonic‐Related CO₂ Degassing System

Vigni

Cardellini

Temovski

et al. 2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…The relationship between the TDIC and δ 13 C TDIC (Figure 5) can provide additional constraints on the sources of fluids. Indeed, deeply rising fluids ascending through the crust interact with rocks and groundwaters that cause changes in carbon abundance and its isotopic composition (Randazzo et al, 2021). From the carbon mass balance approach developed by Chiodini et al (2000Chiodini et al ( , 2020, we estimate, for each sample, the external carbon contribution, C ext , (i.e., the C fractions not resulting from carbonate rock dissolution) and its isotopic composition δ 13 C ext (see Supplementary Appendix A).…”

Section: Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During their migration and storage in the crust, fluids can undergo different processes that modify their chemical and isotopic compositions. Insights into these processes, and into volatile sources and sinks, can be derived from a joint analysis and interpretation of He and C isotopic signatures (Holland and Gilfillan, 2013;Barry et al, 2020;Randazzo et al, 2021). In order to reconstruct the original signature of deeply sourced fluids, the samples that are dominated by the atmosphere-sourced volatiles (e.g., the cold water) are initially filtered out.…”

Section: C/ 3 He Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon isotopes are likewise fractionated during gas-water interactions (Randazzo et al, 2021 and references therein). Thus, both elemental ratios and δ 13 C can be severely modified by secondary processes such as gas dissolution in water and solidphase (carbonate) precipitation (Gilfillan et al, 2009;Barry and Bekaer, 2021;Randazzo et al, 2021).…”

Section: Secondary Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active degassing of crustal CO2 in areas of tectonic collision: A case study from the Pollino and Calabria sectors (Southern Italy)

Randazzo

Caracausi²,

Aiuppa³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released from the Earth’s interior into the atmosphere through both volcanic and non-volcanic sources in a variety of tectonic settings. A quantitative understanding of CO2 outgassing fluxes in different geological settings is thus critical for decoding the link between the global carbon budget and different natural processes (e.g., volcanic eruption and earthquake nucleation) and the effects on the climate evolution over geological time. It has recently been proposed that CO2 degassing from non-volcanic areas is a major component of the natural CO2 emission budget, but available data are still sparse and incomplete. Here, we report the results of a geochemical survey aimed at quantifying CO2 emissions through cold and thermal springs of the tectonically active Pollino Massif and Calabrian arc (Southern Italy). The chemical ad isotopic (He and C) composition of fifty-five dissolved gas samples allows to identify two different domains: 1) a shallow system dominated by gas components of atmospheric signature (helium, hereafter He) and biogenic origin (C), and 2) a deeper system in which crustal/deep fluids (CO2 and He) are dominant. The measured He isotope ratios range from 0.03 to 1.1 Ra (where Ra is the He isotopic ratio in the atmosphere) revealing a variable atmospheric contamination. Furthermore, the He isotopic data indicate the presence of traces of mantle He contributions (2%–3%) in the thermal groundwater. The prevailing low R/Ra values reflect the addition of crustal radiogenic 4He during groundwater circulation. Using helium and carbon isotope data, we explore the possible sources of fluids and the secondary processes (dissolution/precipitation) that act to modify the chemistry of pristine volatiles. For the thermal springs, we estimate a deep C output of 2.3 x 107 to 6.1 x 108 mol year−1. These values correspond to deep CO2 fluxes per square km comparable with those estimated in several active and inactive volcanic areas and in continental regions affected by metamorphic CO2 degassing (e.g., the southern margin of the Tibetan Plateau).

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“…We studied the Dinarides-Albanides which are a 1000-km long mountain range mainly made of ophiolites and covering Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosova, Albania, and extending southward with Hellenides in Greece. In Serbia, a large amount of gas seeps or free gas bubbling in natural springs have been studied, and some sites contain up to 85% of H 2 (Randazzo et al, 2021). However, no systematic study has been performed so far to inventory and characterize such gases in Albania and Kosova in the frame of H 2 generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking for natural hydrogen in Albania and Kosova

Lévy

Boka-Mene²,

Meshi

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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A regional geochemistry field study was conducted in Albania and Kosova to spot natural H2 occurrences related to ophiolite massifs. A total of 21 sites, mainly consisting of natural springs, were studied, and nine were sampled for analyzing associated free gas and C and H isotopes of CH4 and H2 when possible. Four springs showed gas with H2 occurrence, one particularly reaching 16% of H2 in the north of Kosova in a location named Vuçe, which makes it the fifth gas seep most enriched in H2 in the Dinarides, after H2-rich gas seeps in Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. This gas seep is associated with hyperalkaline water having a pH of about 10.7. This would favor the assumption that H2 is derived from the serpentinization of peridotites, a process which is likely still ongoing. H2 is associated mainly with N2 and CH4, like the other H2-rich gas springs in the Dinarides. Based on C and H isotopes, CH4 is abiotic or microbial. H isotopes suggest a formation of H2 at about a 2-km depth. Another hyperalkaline spring was found in the south of Albania, at the border of the Korça Basin, with less than 200 ppm of H2. No relation between H2 and He was identified at the scale of Albania and Kosova, nor at the scale of the whole Dinarides. This work provides a completed map of the H2 occurrences in the Dinarides and allows to highlight some hot spots for H2 exploration, mainly located inside the ophiolite massifs like in other ophiolites (such as Oman, New Caledonia, and The Philippines), and not on major faults like in the Pyrenees.

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Active Degassing of Deeply Sourced Fluids in Central Europe: New Evidences From a Geochemical Study in Serbia

Cited by 18 publications

References 99 publications

Duvalo “Volcano” (North Macedonia): A Purely Tectonic‐Related CO₂ Degassing System

Duvalo “Volcano” (North Macedonia): A Purely Tectonic‐Related CO₂ Degassing System

Active degassing of crustal CO2 in areas of tectonic collision: A case study from the Pollino and Calabria sectors (Southern Italy)

Looking for natural hydrogen in Albania and Kosova

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Active Degassing of Deeply Sourced Fluids in Central Europe: New Evidences From a Geochemical Study in Serbia

Cited by 18 publications

References 99 publications

Duvalo “Volcano” (North Macedonia): A Purely Tectonic‐Related CO2 Degassing System

Duvalo “Volcano” (North Macedonia): A Purely Tectonic‐Related CO2 Degassing System

Active degassing of crustal CO2 in areas of tectonic collision: A case study from the Pollino and Calabria sectors (Southern Italy)

Looking for natural hydrogen in Albania and Kosova

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Product

Resources

About

Duvalo “Volcano” (North Macedonia): A Purely Tectonic‐Related CO₂ Degassing System

Duvalo “Volcano” (North Macedonia): A Purely Tectonic‐Related CO₂ Degassing System