Active Faraday optical frequency standard

Zhuang, Wei; Chen, Jingbiao

doi:10.1364/ol.39.006339

Cited by 58 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As a spectroscopic tool, the effect has been exploited for ultranarrow optical filters [15,16], ultrasensitive spectroscopy [17], laser stabilization [18] and optical frequency standards [19]. Resonant Faraday probing * lincoln.turner@monash.edu of spins undergoing Larmor precession results in the polarization angle of transmitted light oscillating at the Larmor frequency.…”

Section: A the Faraday Light-matter Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Faraday measurement of spin precession without light shifts

et al. 2017

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We describe a dispersive Faraday optical probe of atomic spin which performs a weak measurement of spin projection of a quantum gas continuously for more than one second. To date focusing bright far-off-resonance probes onto quantum gases has proved invasive, due to strong scalar and vector light shifts exerting dipole and Stern-Gerlach forces. We show that tuning the probe near the magiczero wavelength at 790 nm between the fine-structure doublet of 87 Rb cancels the scalar light shift, and careful control of polarization eliminates the vector light shift. Faraday rotations due to each fine-structure line reinforce at this wavelength, enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio for a fixed rate of probe-induced decoherence. Using this minimally-invasive spin probe we perform microscale atomic magnetometry at high temporal resolution. Spectrogram analysis of the Larmor precession signal of a single spinor Bose-Einstein condensate measures a time-varying magnetic field strength with 1 µG accuracy every 5 ms; or equivalently makes > 200 successive measurements each at 10 pT/ √ Hz sensitivity.

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Section: A the Faraday Light-matter Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Faraday measurement of spin precession without light shifts

et al. 2017

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“…The second part emphasizes on the active Faraday optical frequency standard, which has advantages of separated the quantum reference of frequency standard and the stimulated emission of gain medium, besides narrowed linewidth and reduced cavity pulling effect. Measured by the optical heterodyne beat between two similar independent active Faraday optical frequency standards, results show the frequency linewidth reaches 281(23) Hz, which is 19000 times smaller than the natural linewidth of the Cesium 852 nm transition line [32]. Besides, we also implemented an active Faraday optical frequency standard in good-cavity regime named as ultra-long Faraday laser [34], based on the Faraday anomalous dispersion atomic filter with ultra-narrow bandwidth of 26 MHz at Rubidium 780 nm transition line and the ultralong fiber extended cavity of 800 m with extremely small free-spectrarange of 0.125 MHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Active Faraday optical frequency standards [32] utilize Faraday atomic filters [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] as frequency references when working in bad-cavity regime. The output light frequency is determined by alkali atomic transition line of Faraday atomic filter and the output stimulated emission light power can be increased by adopting Ti: sapphire, dye and semiconductor materials as gain medium since the quantum reference of frequency standard and the stimulated emission of gain medium are spatially separated.…”

Section: A Active Faraday Optical Frequency Standards In Bad-cavity mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The active Faraday optical frequency standard, as demonstrated by a recent experiment [32], spatially separates the quantum reference of frequency standard and the stimulated emission of gain medium. In the active Faraday optical frequency standard [32], a narrow linewidth Faraday atomic filter is used as quantum reference of frequency standard [32][33][34][35], while the stimulated emission of gain medium can be provided by Ti: sapphire and dye, besides semiconductor diode materials [32]. In this way, the Faraday effect [35] found 170 years ago, starts to play a quantum reference role in modern optical clocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ten years of active optical frequency standards

Pan

Zhuang

Xue

et al. 2015

2015 Joint Conference of the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium &Amp; The European Frequency and Time Forum

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The concept of active optical clock was proposed ten years ago. In this paper, after a simple review, we will mainly present the most recent experimental progresses of active optical frequency standards in Peking University, including 4-level Cesium active optical frequency standards and active Faraday optical frequency standards.Keywords-Active optical clocks; bad-cavity laser; 4-level active optical frequency standards; active Faraday optical frequency standards.

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“…Once an ensemble of alkali metal atoms is polarized, many perfect physical properties can be observed2. As a result, optically pumped alkali-metal vapor has been widely used in a variety of significant areas, such as atomic magnetometers56789, Faraday filters101112, atomic clocks13, quantum memory and teleportation1415, and nuclear magnetic resonance1617. The spin polarization, which reflects the spin coherence of an atomic ensemble, is a vital parameter of optically pumped alkali-metal atoms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sensitive determination of the spin polarization of optically pumped alkali-metal atoms using near-resonant light

Ding

Long

Yuan

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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A new method to measure the spin polarization of optically pumped alkali-metal atoms is demonstrated. Unlike the conventional method using far-detuned probe light, the near-resonant light with two specific frequencies was chosen. Because the Faraday rotation angle of this approach can be two orders of magnitude greater than that with the conventional method, this approach is more sensitive to the spin polarization. Based on the results of the experimental scheme, the spin polarization measurements are found to be in good agreement with the theoretical predictions, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of this approach.Since the ingenious idea of optical pumping was proposed by Kastler in 1950 1 , it has played an important role in atomic physics 2-4 . Optical pumping is typically used to polarize alkali-metal atoms. Once an ensemble of alkali metal atoms is polarized, many perfect physical properties can be observed 2 . As a result, optically pumped alkali-metal vapor has been widely used in a variety of significant areas, such as atomic magnetometers 5-9 , Faraday filters 10-12 , atomic clocks 13 , quantum memory and teleportation 14,15 , and nuclear magnetic resonance 16,17 . The spin polarization, which reflects the spin coherence of an atomic ensemble, is a vital parameter of optically pumped alkali-metal atoms. For example, the spin polarization directly determines the performance of atomic magnetometers and has an optimal value for an atomic magnetometer 6,8 , and it is also helpful for people to research and design Faraday filters by obtaining accurate knowledge of the spin polarization 12 . Therefore, it is essential to measure the spin polarization of alkali-metal atoms accurately.The spin polarization is usually determined by Faraday rotation using far-detuned light 18,19 . In such a measurement, for the D 1 line transition of alkali-metal atoms, the Faraday rotation angle θ is given by 19where l is the length over which the probe light interacts with the alkali-metal vapor, e is the electron charge, N is the number density of the alkali-metal vapor, m e is the electron mass, c is the speed of light, δ is the probe detuning from the D 1 line transition, and P is the spin polarization of the alkali-metal atoms. A necessary condition of equation (1) is that δ is much greater than the hyperfine splitting 19 . In this case, θ is scarcely sensitive to P, unless N is large enough. For the vapor number density of 10 11 to 10 12 cm −3 , as θ is usually only several milliradians 18 , it is difficult to obtain accurate knowledge of the spin polarization using this method. However, in many practical applications, alkali-metal vapor operating at near room temperature, which corresponds to the number density close to 10 11 cm −3 , has great advantages and has been widely utilized. For example, room temperature operation can simplify the structure and can reduce the energy consumption for atomic magnetometers, as indicated by the many reported room temperature atomic magnetometers 8,20 . Therefore, a sensitive metho...

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Active Faraday optical frequency standard

Cited by 58 publications

References 27 publications

Continuous Faraday measurement of spin precession without light shifts

Continuous Faraday measurement of spin precession without light shifts

Ten years of active optical frequency standards

Sensitive determination of the spin polarization of optically pumped alkali-metal atoms using near-resonant light

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