Active Faults' Geometry in the Gulf of Aqaba, Southern Dead Sea Fault, Illuminated by Multibeam Bathymetric Data

Ribot, Matthieu; Klinger, Yann; Jónsson, Sigurjón; Avşar, Ulaş; Pons‐Branchu, Edwige; Matrau, Rémi; Mallon, Francis L.

doi:10.1029/2020tc006443

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…However, the scatter observed in both velocity profiles suggests that the assumption of a single fault along the full extension of the gulf may be inadequate. This observation led us to consider different fault traces within the gulf based on the structural maps by Ben-Avraham (1985) and Ribot et al (2021), see below.…”

Section: Gps Velocity Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most earthquakes in the gulf exhibit predominantly left-lateral motion. However, some of them show significant normal motion, as evidenced Ribot et al (2021). The inset shows the area of interaction of the Arabian, Nubian, Sinai and Anatolian plates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The gulf itself is about 180 km long and up to 25 km wide (Ben-Avraham et al, 1979;Garfunkel, 1981), and its structure is dominated by three leftstepping en échelon faults bounding a series of pull-apart basins (Ben-Avraham et al 1979;Ben-Avraham 1985;Ribot et al 2021, Fig. 1) (Shamir et al, 2003;Hofstetter, 2003;Baer et al, 2008;Ribot et al, 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interseismic deformation in the Gulf of Aqaba from GPS measurements

Castro-Perdomo

Viltres

Masson

et al. 2021

Geophysical Journal International

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Summary Although the Dead Sea Transform fault system has been extensively studied in the past, little has been known about the present-day kinematics of its southernmost portion that is offshore in the Gulf of Aqaba. Here we present a new GPS velocity field based on three surveys conducted between 2015 and 2019 at 30 campaign sites, complemented by 11 permanent stations operating near the gulf coast. Interseismic models of strain accumulation indicate a slip rate of $4.9^{+0.9}_{-0.6}~mm/yr$ and a locking depth of $6.8^{+3.5}_{-3.1}~km$ in the gulf’s northern region. Our results further indicate an apparent reduction of the locking depth from the inland portion of the Dead Sea Transform towards its southern junction with the Red Sea rift. Our modelling results reveal a small systematic left-lateral residual motion that we postulate is caused by, at least in part, late postseismic transient motion from the 1995 MW7.2 Nuweiba earthquake. Estimates of the moment accumulation rate on the main faults in the gulf, other than the one that ruptured in 1995, suggest that they might be near the end of their current interseismic period, implying elevated seismic hazard in the gulf area.

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Section: Gps Velocity Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

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Interseismic deformation in the Gulf of Aqaba from GPS measurements

Castro-Perdomo

Viltres

Masson

et al. 2021

Geophysical Journal International

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“…The Dead Sea Basin of the Dead Sea fault system [3,21,22] and the Gulf of California along the San Andreas fault zone [23][24][25] have been shown to display active fault properties that are consistent with sandbox experiments, and their development has been compared with analog experiments [12]. On the other hand, we have had the opportunity to compare the submerged coseismic surface ruptures with the faults that constitute a pull-apart basin during the 1912 Marmara and 1999 Izmit earthquakes in the northern Anatolian fault system [26][27][28] and the 1995 Nuweiba earthquake in the Gulf of Aqaba in the southern Dead Sea fault system [29]. However, there are few opportunities to compare the coseismic surface rupture and active fault using detailed remote sensing and high-precision topographic data on the ground.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…system [29]. However, there are few opportunities to compare the coseismic surface rupture and active fault using detailed remote sensing and high-precision topographic data on the ground.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shortcut Faults and Lateral Spreading Activated in a Pull-Apart Basin by the 2018 Palu Earthquake, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Komura

Sugimoto²

2021

Remote Sensing

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Our understanding of pull-apart basins and their fault systems has been enhanced by analog experiments and simulations. However, there has been scarce interest to compare the faults that bound pull-apart basins with surface ruptures during earthquakes. In this study, we investigated the effects of a 2018 earthquake (Mw 7.5) on a pull-apart basin in the Palu–Koro fault system, Sulawesi Island, Indonesia, using geomorphic observations on digital elevation models and optical correlation with pre- and post-earthquake satellite images. A comparison of active fault traces determined by geomorphology with the locations of surface ruptures from the 2018 earthquake shows that some of the boundary faults of the basin are inactive and that active faulting has shifted to basin-shortcut faults and relay ramps. We also report evidence of lateral spreading, in which alluvial fan materials moved around the end of the alluvial fan. These phenomena may provide insights for anticipating the location of future surface ruptures in pull-apart basins.

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Low diversity and abundance of predatory fishes in a peripheral coral reef ecosystem

Williams,

Garzon,

Cochran

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Semi‐enclosed seas are often associated with elevated local threats and distinct biogeographic patterns among marine fishes, but our understanding of how fish assemblage dynamics vary in relation to relatively small semi‐enclosed seas (e.g., the Gulf of Aqaba) remains limited. Baited remote underwater video surveys (n = 111) were conducted across ~300 km of coral reef habitats in the Gulf of Aqaba and the northern Red Sea. A total of 55 predatory fish species were detected, with less than half of all species (n = 23) observed in both basins. Relative abundance patterns between the Gulf of Aqaba and the northern Red Sea were variable among taxa, but nearly twice as many predatory fish were observed per unit of effort in the northern Red Sea. In general, assemblages in both basins were dominated by three taxa (Epinephelinae, Carangidae, and Lethrinidae). Large‐bodied and threatened species were recorded at very low abundances. Multivariate analysis revealed distinct assemblage structuring of coral reef predators between the Gulf of Aqaba and the northern Red Sea. Most of the species driving these differences were recorded in both basins, but occurred at varying levels of abundance. Environmental factors were largely unsuccessful in explaining variation in assemblage structuring. These findings indicate that biological assemblages in the Gulf of Aqaba are more distinct than previously reported and that reef fish assemblage structuring can occur even within a relatively small semi‐enclosed sea. Despite inter‐basin assemblage structuring, the overall low abundance of vulnerable fish species is suggestive of overexploitation in both the Gulf of Aqaba and the northern Red Sea of Saudi Arabia. As the region surveyed is currently undergoing large‐scale coastal development, the results presented herein aim to guide spatial management and recovery plans for these coral reef systems in relation to this development.

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Active Faults' Geometry in the Gulf of Aqaba, Southern Dead Sea Fault, Illuminated by Multibeam Bathymetric Data

Cited by 33 publications

References 44 publications

Interseismic deformation in the Gulf of Aqaba from GPS measurements

Interseismic deformation in the Gulf of Aqaba from GPS measurements

Shortcut Faults and Lateral Spreading Activated in a Pull-Apart Basin by the 2018 Palu Earthquake, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Low diversity and abundance of predatory fishes in a peripheral coral reef ecosystem

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