Active Mass Damper for Reducing Wind and Earthquake Vibrations of a Long-Period Bridge

Chang, Seongkyu

doi:10.3390/act9030066

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Genetic algorithms have been applied as effective search techniques to many fields of optimization problems [38,39], and have been successfully applied to obtain gains for the optimal controller, reduce the order of the feedback controller or tune the weights of neuro-controllers [40][41][42]. Regarding the actuator used to apply the feedback forces in the structure, an active mass damper (AMD) has been used, which is one of the most commonly used actuators to apply forces to mechanical systems [15,[43][44][45][46][47][48], since they can be placed in the most favorable positions regarding the most significant vibration modes and can be easily concealed within the structure. Furthermore, a novelty of the presented work resides in the use of a low-cost processor (NI myRIO-1900) to implement the control law, which represents a significant advantage when it comes to put into operation this system in a real structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Computation-Based Active Mass Damper Implementation for Vibration Mitigation in Slender Structures Using a Low-Cost Processor

Peláez-Rodríguez,

Magdaleno,

Iglesias-Pordomingo

et al. 2023

Actuators

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This work is devoted to design, implement and validate an active mass damper (AMD) for vibration mitigation in slender structures. The control law, defined by means of genetic algorithm optimization, is deployed on a low-cost processor (NI myRIO-1900), and experimentally validated on a 13.5-m lively timber footbridge. As is known, problems arising from human-induced vibrations in slender, lightweight and low-damped structures usually require the installation of mechanical devices, such as an AMD, in order to be mitigated. This kind of device tends to reduce the movement of the structure, which can be potentially large when it is subjected to dynamic loads whose main components match its natural frequencies. In those conditions, the AMD is sought to improve the comfort and fulfil the serviceability conditions for the pedestrian use according to some design guides. After the dynamic identification of the actuator, the procedure consisted of the experimental characterization and identification of the modal properties of the structure (natural frequencies and damping ratios). Once the equivalent state space system of the structure is obtained, the design of the control law is developed, based on state feedback, which was deployed in the low-cost controller. Finally, experimental adjustments (filters, gains, etc.) were implemented and the validation test was carried out. The system performance has been evaluated using different metrics, both in the frequency and time domain, and under different loads scenarios, including pedestrian transits to demonstrate the feasibility, robustness and good performance of the proposed system. The strengths of the presented work reside in: (1) the use of genetic evolutionary algorithms to optimize both the state estimator gain and the feedback gain that commands the actuator, whose performance is further tested and analyzed using different fitness functions related to both time and frequency domains and (2) the implementation of the active control system in a low-cost processor, which represents a significant advantage when it comes to implement this system in a real structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Computation-Based Active Mass Damper Implementation for Vibration Mitigation in Slender Structures Using a Low-Cost Processor

Peláez-Rodríguez,

Magdaleno,

Iglesias-Pordomingo

et al. 2023

Actuators

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“…Another group of AVA vibration control algorithms (VCAs) relies on a precise structure model to estimate the controlled modes states, upon which a gains matrix is applied to calculate the control command(s) (Hudson and Reynolds, 2012). Some examples of model-based controllers (MBC) include the Pole Placement method (Chang and Yu, 1998; Nyawako and Reynolds, 2015; Belotti et al, 2020), the Pole-Zero assignment (Richidei et al, 2022), the Modified Independent Modal Space Control (Etedali, 2017), the Linear Quadratic Regulator and the Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control (Goorts et al, 2017; Goorts and Narasimhan, 2019; Chang, 2020; Moradi et al, 2021), and the H∞ and H2 methods (Stavroulakis, et al, 2006; Wu et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active control of human-induced vibrations on lightweight structures via electrodynamic actuator dynamics inversion

Ramírez-Senent

Gallegos-Calderón

García‐Palacios

et al. 2022

Journal of Vibration and Control

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The active vibration absorber represents an effective means to mitigate excessive vibrations in low-damping structures. Nevertheless, the dynamics of the actuators employed in such systems may negatively affect their performance and stability restricting their operational frequency range. This article presents an application of dynamics inversion techniques to the force control of electrodynamic proof-mass actuators employed as active vibration absorbers in lightweight pedestrian structures. The dynamics inversion approach is applied to enhance the classical direct velocity feedback scheme. Additionally, a novel method relying on dynamics inversion is presented: the Broadband Force Cancellation Algorithm. This procedure consists in estimating, in real-time, the equivalent force acting on the system to later apply it back to the structure with the opposed sign. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is assessed via numerical simulations carried over a realistic model of an existing lightweight footbridge and an electrodynamic proof-mass actuator. Two load cases are analyzed: a fixed swept-sine force and a walking load. Both cases account for the actuator-structure interaction. The human-structure interaction is considered in the latter scenario due to its importance when dealing with lightweight pedestrian structures. Simulation results demonstrate that the dynamics inversion techniques effectively cancel out actuator dynamics leading to an excellent tracking of the reference force output by the suggested or other vibration control algorithm. The proposed schemes are proved promising since they substantially outperform the widespread direct velocity feedback approach. In particular, the Broadband Force Cancellation Algorithm minimizes the action of the external forces within their estimation frequency range, thus being especially suited to tackle broadband excitations, important in lively pedestrian structures, whereas the velocity feedback methodology performs best at the structural resonant frequencies.

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“…Yang, Shin, Lee, Kim & Kwak used an acceleration feedback, since it is the simplest variable which can be measured directly by accelerometers [12]. Chang developed a LQR control of a AMD with an acceleration feedback for a scaled bridge modelled as a rigid body [13]. Ramesh and Narayanan presented a better accurate structure model of a beam based on the finite element method (FEM) [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Vibration Absorber for a Continuous Structure Model

Rincón¹,

Alencastre²,

Rivera³

2021

Preprint

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The reduction of mechanical vibrations is field of continuous research in engineering in order to reduce damage and improve the performance of structures, machinery, piping and others systems, when they are in presence of dynamical forces. In this sense, different alternatives have been proposed over time, the active vibration absorber highlights as an alternative which can absorb the vibration from a primary system for different excitation frequency in real time. In this study, an active vibration absorber has been modelled as an electromechanical device composed of a 1-DOF model for the absorber and an equivalent electrical circuit for the electromagnetic actuator. It was implemented in a real structure represented by a cantilever beam continuous model, which is the most accurate model that can be used. A set of differential equations which represent the dynamical behaviour of the cantilever beam implemented with the active vibration absorber was obtained from the complete model and it was simulated in Matlab Simulink®. An application of the active vibration absorber for an industry piping system based on the finite element model formulation is presented and developed. Results indicate that the active vibration absorber is able to significantly reduce the vibrations amplitude of the primary system, especially in resonance conditions, for a discrete frequency range. The analytic model and procedure developed here can easily widespread to any more complex primary system.

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Active Mass Damper for Reducing Wind and Earthquake Vibrations of a Long-Period Bridge

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Evolutionary Computation-Based Active Mass Damper Implementation for Vibration Mitigation in Slender Structures Using a Low-Cost Processor

Evolutionary Computation-Based Active Mass Damper Implementation for Vibration Mitigation in Slender Structures Using a Low-Cost Processor

Active control of human-induced vibrations on lightweight structures via electrodynamic actuator dynamics inversion

Active Vibration Absorber for a Continuous Structure Model

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