Active restoration facilitates bird community recovery in an Afrotropical rainforest

Latja, Pirita; Valtonen, Anu; Malinga, Geoffrey M.; Roininen, Heikki

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.035

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Our models included both site identity and year, with a nested effect of ordinal day, as random effects. For the purpose of our linear mixed models, we square root transformed observed bird abundance, which lessens the influence of the most abundant species (Latja et al 2016). We visually assessed our data for normality and homoscedasticity in R. We calculated marginal and conditional R² values for each of our models using rsquared in R package "piecewiseSEM" (Table 1; Lefcheck 2016), and pvalues using R package "lmerTest" (Kuznetova et al 2017).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We tested the hypothesis that bird communities change with the successional state of the forest (Catterall et al 2012, Frishkoff andKarp 2019). We predicted that as forests increase in maturity and complexity, bird species diversity and bird abundance would change to resemble diversity and abundance features found in primary forests (Latja et al 2016). We also predicted that different assemblages of birds would exist in forests of different ages, and that these assemblages would continue to become more similar to those found in primary forests over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioacoustic analyses reveal that bird communities recover with forest succession in tropical dry forests

Owen¹,

Melin²,

Campos³

et al. 2020

ACE

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With expanding anthropogenic disturbances to forests around the world, forest restoration is increasingly important for bird conservation. Restoration monitoring is critical for understanding how birds respond to forest regeneration and for assessing the effectiveness of restoration efforts. Using bioacoustic monitoring, we recorded bird communities during both dry and wet seasons at 62 sites along a chronosequence of tropical dry forests in the Área de Conservación Guanacaste in Costa Rica. Tropical dry forests rank among the globe's most imperiled ecosystems, adding special urgency to their restoration and accompanying restoration monitoring. We found that bird species diversity, richness, and abundance increase with measures of forest maturity. Our results show that bird communities in regenerating areas become more similar to those of undisturbed areas as forests mature. This suggests that bird communities are recovering to predisturbed conditions in regenerating sites, and that maturing tropical dry forests are home to an increasingly diverse and abundant community of birds. We conducted an additional assessment, by sampling 30 locations using point-counts that were originally surveyed 23 years ago. We found that species richness and abundance were similar across this 23-year interval, although bird community composition changed because several forest-specialist species were only detected in the later period. Our research reveals that the regenerating tropical dry forests of northwestern Costa Rica have recovered species richness and abundance levels and are currently undergoing a succession in community composition toward that of a primary tropical dry forest. Our study shows bird communities recovering in a nearly century-old chronosequence of regenerating forests. Des analyses bio-acoustiques révèlent que les populations aviaires se rétablissent avec la régénération forestière dans les forêts tropicales sèches RÉSUMÉ. Compte tenu du développement des perturbations anthropiques dans les forêts du monde entier, la reforestation est de plus en plus importante pour la conservation des oiseaux. La surveillance de la restauration des forêts est essentielle pour comprendre la manière dont les oiseaux réagissent à la régénération des forêts et pour évaluer l'efficacité des efforts de reforestation. Nous avons utilisé la surveillance bio-acoustique pour enregistrer les populations aviaires au cours de la saison sèche et de la saison humide sur 62 sites le long de la chronoséquence des forêts tropicales sèches dans l'Área de Conservación Guanacaste au Costa-Rica. Les forêts tropicales sèches font partie des écosystèmes les plus menacés de la planète, ce qui confère un caractère particulièrement urgent à leur restauration et à la surveillance de ces entreprises de reforestation. Nous avons constaté que la diversité, la richesse et l'abondance des espèces d'oiseaux augmentent avec les mesures de maturité des forêts. Nos résultats démontrent que les populations aviaires dans les zones de reforestation s'apparentent da...

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Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioacoustic analyses reveal that bird communities recover with forest succession in tropical dry forests

Owen¹,

Melin²,

Campos³

et al. 2020

ACE

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show abstract

“…Additionally, we classified all bird species recorded in our surveys into two ecological guilds representing their dependence on undisturbed forest conditions, based on the Birds of the World database (Billerman et al, 2020): (1) forest-dependent species – species that prefer primary or mature secondary forests; and (2) generalist species – species that are able to survive in or prefer heavily degraded natural forests, plantations, open areas, or human-dominated landscapes. Compared with generalist species, we expected that the abundance of forest-dependent species would increase more markedly over time as the forest condition improved under restoration (Latja et al, 2016; Owen et al, 2020). Finally, for all bird species recorded in our surveys, we recorded their current IUCN Red List categories, along with descriptions of the threats they face (IUCN, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avifauna recovers faster in areas less accessible to trapping in regenerating tropical forests

Sagar

Gilroy

Swinfield

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Tropical forest restoration stands to deliver important conservation gains in lowland Southeast Asia, which has suffered some of the world’s highest rates of forest degradation and loss. This promise, however, may be undermined by defaunation driven by ubiquitous wildlife trapping in the region, particularly for forest birds that are part of the multi-million-dollar pet trade. To date, quantification of the impacts of trade-driven trapping on rates of biodiversity recovery from forest restoration has been limited. Here, we use a unique long-term survey dataset to ask how trade-driven trapping may interfere with the expected recovery of avian community under forest restoration, at a flagship ecosystem restoration site in the lowland rainforests of Sumatra, Indonesia. We show that tropical forest restoration is associated with the increases in the abundance of 88% of bird species over time. However, impacts of trapping within more accessible areas of the forest meant that this recovery was dampened for 74% of bird species, relative to levels expected as a result of the magnitude of forest recovery observed. Most species (80%) showed increasingly positive relationships between abundance and site remoteness over the period, a pattern that was found for both species targeted for the pet trade (85% of species) and those trapped opportunistically or as ‘bycatch’ (78% of species). We emphasize the urgency of tackling the emerging threat of pet trade to Southeast Asia’s avian diversity, not least to ensure the effectiveness of efforts towards forest restoration.

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“…Birds are good indicators of environmental changes and serve to evaluate the recovery of biodiversity in habitat restoration (Latja et al ), mainly because the composition of bird assemblages may change according to the vegetation successional stage (Munro et al ; Batisteli et al ). Birds are the focal taxa in less than 10% of restoration studies, which usually deal with plants (Brudvig ; Kollmann et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Success of active restoration in grasslands: a case study of birds in southern Brazil

Silva

Fontana

2020

Restoration Ecology

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Grasslands in southeastern South America have been extensively converted to various land uses such as agriculture, threatening regional biodiversity. Active restoration has been viewed as a management alternative for recovery of degraded areas worldwide, although most studies are conducted in forests and none has evaluated the effect of active restoration of grasslands in southeastern South America. From 2015 through 2017 we monitored a federally owned tract of grassland from the beginning of the active-restoration process. We compared the bird community in this active-restoration area (AR) with a reference area (NG) in Pampa grasslands in southern Brazil. We sampled birds by point counts and surveyed vegetation structure in plots. Over the 3 years of active restoration, bird species richness and abundance were higher in AR (30 species, 171 individuals) than NG (22 species, 154 individuals). The species composition also differed between the two habitats. Grassland bird species were present in both AR and NG. The vegetation structure differed between AR and NG in five attributes: height, short and tall grasses, herbs, and shrubs. Since it has been found that active restoration is useful in promoting species diversity, we encourage studies of the use of long-term restoration efforts. Our study, even on a local scale, showed a rapid recovery of the bird community in the active-restoration compared to native grassland, and suggests the potential for recovery of the degraded grasslands of the Brazilian Pampa biome.

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Active restoration facilitates bird community recovery in an Afrotropical rainforest

Cited by 14 publications

References 59 publications

Bioacoustic analyses reveal that bird communities recover with forest succession in tropical dry forests

Bioacoustic analyses reveal that bird communities recover with forest succession in tropical dry forests

Avifauna recovers faster in areas less accessible to trapping in regenerating tropical forests

Success of active restoration in grasslands: a case study of birds in southern Brazil

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