Active smoking is associated with severity of coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19 ): An update of a meta-analysis

Guo, Fei-Ran

doi:10.18332/tid/121915

Cited by 72 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…One included study found active smoking to be a significant predictor of COVID-19 severity 24 , but the other four studies showed non-significant results. The pooled odds ratio for the 5 studies was found to be 1.69 (95% CI: 0.41-6.92), although this analysis has been heavily criticised for inclusion of erroneous data 25 .…”

Section: Impact Of Smoking On Disease Progressionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Smoking, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A review of reviews considering implications for public health policy and practice

Grundy¹,

Suddek²,

Filippidis³

et al. 2020

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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There is well-established evidence that smokers are more susceptible to both viral and bacterial respiratory infections 1,2 , as are those exposed to secondhand smoke 3. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has also highlighted smokers' hand-to-mouth action, smoking-induced lung disease, and the sharing of tobacco products such as waterpipes, as factors which may increase a smoker's vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 infection and development of COVID-19 4. Evidence that chronic illnesses, especially respiratory and cardiovascular disease, are risk factors for worse ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION There has been significant speculation regarding the association between the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogen, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and smoking. We provide an overview of the available literature regarding the association between smoking, risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and risk of severe COVID-19 and poor clinical outcomes, with the aim of informing public health policy and practice, particularly in England. METHODS Publications were identified utilising a systematic search approach on PUBMED and Google Scholar. Publications presenting a systematic review or meta-analysis considering the association between smoking and SARS-COV-2 infection or COVID-19 outcomes were included. RESULTS Eight studies were identified. One considered the relationship between smoking and the probability of SARS-CoV-2 infection, three considered the association between COVID-19 hospitalisation and smoking history, and six reviewed the association between smoking history and development of severe COVID-19. One study specifically investigated the risk of mortality. The studies considering risk of severe disease indicate that there is a significant association between COVID-19 and current or ever smoking. CONCLUSIONS This is a rapidly evolving topic. Current analysis remains limited due to the quality of primary data, although, early results indicate an association between smoking and COVID-19 severity. We highly recommend public health messaging to continue focusing on smoking cessation efforts.

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Section: Impact Of Smoking On Disease Progressionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Smoking, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A review of reviews considering implications for public health policy and practice

Grundy¹,

Suddek²,

Filippidis³

et al. 2020

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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show abstract

“…A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t increases the risk of death and infection severity in COPD [76].It has been hypothesized that the increased risk can be associated to cigarette smoke, the leading cause of COPD,which upregulates angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), one of the most common SARS CoV-2 receptors in human lungs, most likely favoring viral dissemination [77]. However, the effects of cigarette smoke still controversial, as recent meta-analyses have questioned the relationship between SARS CoV-2 and smoking habit [78,79].…”

Section: Viruses During Copd Exacerbationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial and viral infections and related inflammatory responses in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

et al. 2020

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In COPD patients, bacterial and viral infections play a relevant role in worsening lung function and, therefore, favor disease progression. The inflammatory response to lung infections may become a specific indication of the bacterial and viral infections. We here review data on the bacterial-viral infections and related airways and lung parenchyma inflammation in stable and exacerbated COPD, focusing our attention on the prevalent molecular pathways in these different clinical conditions. The roles of macrophages, autophagy and NETosisare also briefly discussed in the context of lung infections in COPD. Controlling their combined response may restore a balanced lung homeostasis, reducing the risk of lung function decline.

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“…Smoking has innumerable adverse health effects, and evidence points towards increased disease severity and worse outcomes in patients who smoke and experience COVID-19. [1][2][3] Also, the use of inhaled products or smokeless tobacco requires the user to put their hands near their mouth, which increases the risk of transmission of disease. 18 A better understanding of the interplay between smoking and COVID-19 can help us learn more about the pathophysiologic effect of each of them individually and identify targets for possible therapies and interventions.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smoking has been shown to be a risk factor for disease severity and poor outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19), which is the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). [1][2][3] It has been shown to increase the risk of the development of various types of viral infections and the incidence of complications. 4 Current smoking is associated with poorer outcomes in those with severe sepsis and septic shock 5 and the development of acute respiratory disease syndrome in hospitalized patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Smoking

Lang¹,

Yakhkind

2020

Chest

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Smoking is associated with one of five deaths in the United States. Multimodality tobacco treatment increases rates of successful cessation by at least 20%. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has put a halt to many inpatient and outpatient medical visits that have been deemed nonessential, including tobacco treatment. The transition to telehealth has been wrought with challenges. Although data on the association between coronavirus disease 2019 and tobacco products are mixed, the overall health consequences of tobacco point towards increased risk of morbidity and death that is associated with the virus. This leaves smoking as one of the few readily modifiable risk factors in an environment understandably not set up to prioritize cessation. A military health facility on Fort Eustis in Virginia runs a successful tobacco treatment program and adapted it to pandemic times. This article describes the process and lessons learned from this initiative. The model is applicable and scalable to government and civilian health centers as health care adapts to a new normal.

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Active smoking is associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 ): An update of a meta-analysis

Abstract: 1 Total (95% CI) Total events Heterogeneity:Chi z = 9.29, df = 4 (P = 0.05); I z = 57% Test for overall effect: Z = 3.00 (P = 0.003)

Cited by 72 publications

References 9 publications

Smoking, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A review of reviews considering implications for public health policy and practice

Smoking, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A review of reviews considering implications for public health policy and practice

Bacterial and viral infections and related inflammatory responses in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Smoking

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