Actividad antiproliferativa de aceites esenciales de plantas cultivadas en Colombia

Abstract

RESUMENColombia posee gran diversidad de plantas medicinales, pero pocas han sido objeto de investigación. En este trabajo se evaluó la actividad antiproliferativa de aceites esenciales obtenidos por hidrodestilación asistida por microondas. Se analizaron 15 muestras de 11 especies en ensayos del MTT en células cancerosas MCF-7, HeLa y HepG-2 y se incluyeron células normales humanas (HEK293) y de animales (Vero y BF16F10) para evaluar selectividad. La composición química de muestras activas se determinó por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (GC-MS). Aceites esenciales de cuatro especies mostraron actividad antiproliferativa (CI 50 : 50 μg/mL) en células HeLa y/o MCF-7, en el siguiente rango (índice de selectividad en paréntesis): Piper cumanense H.B.K. (4,7) > Piper subflavum var. espejuelanum C.DC (3,9) > Salvia officinalis L. (3,6) > Piper eriopodom (Miq.) C. DC. (3,1). Ninguna muestra fue activa en células HepG-2. El análisis por CG-MS identificó β-cariofileno, α-copaeno, β-pineno, α-pineno y linalol como componentes mayoritarios. Los aceites esenciales activos pueden ser puntos de partida para desarrollo de medicamentos herbales para cuidado paliativo del cáncer.Palabras clave: aceite esencial, apoptosis, cáncer, fitoterapia, MTT. ABSTRACTColombia has a great diversity of medicinal plants, but few have been investigated. In this work, the antiproliferative activity of essential oils obtained by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation was evaluated. Fifteen samples from 11 species were analyzed in MTT assays in cancer cells MCF-7, HeLa and HepG-2, and normal human cells (HEK293) and animal cells (Vero and B16F10) were included to evaluate selectivity. The chemical composition of the active oils was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Essential oils from four species showed antiproliferative activity (IC 50 : <50 μg / mL) in HeLa and / or MCF-7 cells, in the following range (selectivity index in parenthesis): Piper cumanense H.B.K. (4.7) > Piper subflavum var. espejuelanum C. DC (3.9) > Salvia officinalis Linneo. (3.6) > Piper eriopodom (Miq.) C.DC. (31). The CG-MS analysis identified β-caryophyllene, α-copaene, β-pinene, α-pinene and linalool as major components. Active essential oils could serve as starting points to develop herbal medicines for cancer palliative care.

Volatile Metabolites of Piper eriopodon (Miq.) C.DC. from Northern Region of Colombia and Assessment of In Vitro Bioactivities of the Leaf Essential Oil

“…Likewise, the chemical compositions of the SDE extract (volatile fraction) and the EO of leaves were similar, with certain differences in the relative amounts. However, the EO composition was different from those reported by Tangarife-Castaño et al [ 13 ], Castañeda et al [ 29 ], Uztáris-Fajardo et al [ 14 ] and Velandia et al [ 20 ], whose EOs were composed of dillapiole (~39%)/β-caryophyllene (~8%), 1,8-cineole (~37%)/β-pinene (~9%) and α-pinene (~19%)/β-pinene (~16%)/β-caryophyllene (~12%)/caryophyllene oxide (~11%), respectively. It is important to mention that Muñoz [ 17 ] identified gibbilimbol B (~86%) and apiole (~4%) as the main components of the P. eriopodon EO, but from fruits.…”

“…and Radopholus spp.) and antioxidant (e.g., ABTS +• , DPPH • , ORAC) properties [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], as well as chemical variability.…”

“…Nevertheless, information on the composition of volatile fractions of the plant, as well as the effects of the leaf EO as a repellent/acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, antibacterial ( Listeria monocytogenes ) and cytotoxin on erythrocytes/lymphocytes/Hep-2 cell line were not found in the science literature consulted, even though some reports ([ 7 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 20 , 29 ]) on the chemical composition [dill apiole (~39%) and eucalyptol (~37%)] of the leaf/(stem) EO and its antimicrobial/cytotoxic/antioxidant effectiveness ( S. aureus , A. fumigatus , T. mentagrophytes , A. franciscana , Vero cell line, ABTS +• /DPPH • ) were available, as was previously mentioned. Therefore, the focus of this research was to chemically characterize via GC–MS (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) the volatile fractions [by headspace solid-phase microextraction/simultaneous distillation-extraction (HS-SPME/SDE)-inflorescences (fruits)/leaves] and essential oil [by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MWHD)-leaves] of P. eriopodon from the northern region of Colombia, as well as establish the chemical profile of the leaf essential oil (EO) by GC–MS/ 1 H-NMR (hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance).…”

Photoinduced Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oils from Eugenia brasiliensis Lam and Piper mosenii C. DC. by Blue Led Light

“…On the other hand, Piper mosenii C. has no popular name or use as a medicinal plant reported in the literature [13,14]. Nevertheless, many species belonging to this genus have economic importance, besides having medicinal properties, such as antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities [15][16][17].…”

Essential oil composition and cytotoxic activity in two species of the plant genus Vismia (Hypericaceae) from the Venezuelan Andes

“…Four species out of the 15 showed activity against MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines (IC 50 50 μg/ml). GC-MS analysis revealed that β-caryophyllene was a major component in those essential oils (Velandia, Quintero, Stashenko, & Ocazionez, 2018).…”