Activity and Variety of Soil Microorganisms Depending on the Diversity of the Soil Tillage System

Abstract

Soil is an ecosystem capable of producing the resources necessary for the development of the living organisms. Soil microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) are responsible for biomass decomposition, biogenic element circulation, which makes nutrients available to plants, biodegradation of impurities, and maintenance of soil structure. The presence of microorganisms in soil depends on their chemical composition, moisture, pH, and structure. Human activity has an indispensable influence on the formation of ecosystems. Soil tillage has an impact on the chemical and physical parameters of the soil, and thus on its biological properties. The use of inappropriate agro-technology can lead to degradation of the soil environment. Changes in soil properties may cause changes in soil abundance, activity, and diversity. Cultivation can affect microorganisms, causing their mortality and reducing the availability of nourishment in the soil. Therefore, it is extremely important to assess the diversity and microbiological activity of soil in relation to soil-tillage technology.

Soil microbial communities in the face of changing farming practices: A case study in an agricultural landscape in France

“…Finally, the correlation between bacterial richness in 2011 and bacterial richness in 2016 indicated that the evolution of soil bacterial communities was dependent on their previous state [ 89 ]. This suggests that bacterial communities may respond differently according to the historical farming and land use management [ 108 , 109 ].…”

Root growth and crop performance of soybean under chemical, physical, and biological changes after subsoiling

“…Chemical and physical attributes are involved in soil microorganisms development (Borowik & Wyszkowska, 2016; Furtak & Gajda, 2018; Wang et al., 2017). Data enable observe that microorganisms’ activity was more affected positively by soil chemical, than physical attributes, and therefore basal respiration and nodulation were higher in the subsoiled soil that presented improvements in chemical structure.…”

Effect of Tillage System and Organic Matter Management Interactions on Soil Chemical Properties and Biological Activity in a Spring Wheat Short-Time Cultivation

“…Both the intensification and limitation of the cultivation method may significantly alter the proportions of individual groups of soil microorganisms and relationships between various members of these groups. The degradation of the soil environment resulting from intensive agriculture practices increases the risk of biodiversity loss [53]. According to Jaskulska et al [54], the number of soil bacteria and fungi after changing the conventional tillage system with simplified cultivation increased by 17.3% and 45.1%, respectively.…”