Activity of selected β-lactams, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin against different Acinetobacter baumannii biotypes from chilean hospitals

Bello, Helia; González, Gerardo; Domı́nguez, Mariana; Zemelman, R; García, Antonio Manuel Rodríguez; Mella, Sergio

doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(97)00074-6

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Ceftazidime was also the most ef®cacious drug in the present study, as only 27% of strains were resistant, which can be attributed to its judicious use. In concordance with earlier studies [5,6], the present study also encountered strains of the Acb-complex showing resistance to all drugs tested, which is of concern as infections caused by these organisms pose a therapeutic problem. It is surprising that the level of resistance to cefotaxime was moderate even though it was the commonest antibiotic used in the hospital.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testingsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…However, within the Acbcomplex phenotypes 1 and 2 were more resistant than other Acb phenotypes, as the other phenotypes were susceptible to three or more antibiotics tested and there is no major increase in the overall percentage of resistance in Acb group. Variable resistance patterns like this have been observed by other workers [5], showing that not all phenotypes of Acb are multi-drugresistant.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testingsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…These had been isolated mainly from blood, tracheal aspirate, pus and other body¯uids over a period of 16 months (Oct. 1996±Feb. 1998), mainly from patients admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU; six beds) (34 patients), paediatric ward (5) and other medical wards (6) in the 700-bed JIPMER hospital. The major reasons for admission to the RICU are mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure, postoperative critical care and organ support following multiple trauma.…”

Section: Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simplified phenotypic tests for identification of Acinetobacter spp. and their antimicrobial susceptibility status

Prashanth

Badrinath

2000

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Acinetobacter spp. have been found to be responsible for an increasing number of nosocomial infections. During a 16-month period, 22 patients hospitalised mainly in the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU), paediatric and other medical wards were investigated either for infection or colonisation by Acinetobacter spp. Of the 45 isolates of Acinetobacter detected among the total of 425 non-fermenters encountered, 24 representative isolates were selected for extended phenotypic identi®cation. Four environmental isolates were also included in the study. These 28 isolates were typed by biotyping and antibiotyping, which helped in delineating the Acinetobacter spp. into 12 phenotypes and two distinct antibiotypes respectively. A sudden increase of cases of acinetobacter infection suggested that three outbreaks during the study period were due to phenotypes 1 and 2 of A. calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex (Acb). Strains of Acbcomplex showed multiple drug resistance and were sensitive only to netilmicin. A comparatively high proportion of resistance to amikacin (48%) was also detected among these strains by the agar dilution method. The RICU environment was recognised as an important reservoir for the resistant outbreak strain (Acb-1) which was probably leading to persistent colonisation and recurrent infections.

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Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testingsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testingsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simplified phenotypic tests for identification of Acinetobacter spp. and their antimicrobial susceptibility status

Prashanth

Badrinath

2000

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…We therefore included only isolates that represent different strain types as shown by molecular typing. This may explain why the percentages of strains susceptible to fluoroquinolones, ranging from 66 to 79% in our study, were considerably higher than in other recent studies (2,13,15,16).…”

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confidence: 76%

Comparative Activities of Ciprofloxacin, Clinafloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Gemifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, and Trovafloxacin against Epidemiologically Defined Acinetobacter baumannii Strains

Heinemann

Wisplinghoff

Edmond

et al. 2000

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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In vitro activities of seven fluoroquinolones against 140 clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates representing 138 different strain types were determined. The rank order of activity was clinafloxacin > gatifloxacin > levofloxacin > trovafloxacin > gemifloxacin ‫؍‬ moxifloxacin > ciprofloxacin. The 31 outbreak-related A. baumannii strains were significantly more resistant than were 109 sporadic strains.

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“…In other countries, different biotypes prevail in hospitals [1,2]. Prevalence of certain biotypes suggests that those micro-organisms have special properties or factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of EDTA on the resistance of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum

García

Solar

González

et al. 2000

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunist nosocomial pathogen of world-wide importance and produces severe infections in immunocompromised patients. However, the virulence factors contributing to its pathogenic properties are not well known. The effect of normal human serum against 18 clinical isolates of the most prevalent biotypes of A. baumannii in Chile was investigated. The effect of pre-treatment of the cells with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) or bismuth subsalicylate (BSS), compounds known to decrease the amount of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bacterial capsular polysaccharide (CPS), respectively, in other gram-negative bacteria, was evaluated. Most isolates (16 of 18) showed resistance to normal human serum. Prior treatment with EDTA rendered nine of these isolates susceptible to serum, while seven isolates maintained their resistance. Pre-treatment with BSS did not modify the serum-resistant behaviour of the isolates. The results suggest that LPS might be involved in the resistance of A. baumannii to human serum whereas CPS does not seem to contribute to this property.

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Activity of selected β-lactams, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin against different Acinetobacter baumannii biotypes from chilean hospitals

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Simplified phenotypic tests for identification of Acinetobacter spp. and their antimicrobial susceptibility status

Simplified phenotypic tests for identification of Acinetobacter spp. and their antimicrobial susceptibility status

Comparative Activities of Ciprofloxacin, Clinafloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Gemifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, and Trovafloxacin against Epidemiologically Defined Acinetobacter baumannii Strains

Effect of EDTA on the resistance of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum

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