Actually and other markers of an apparent discrepancy between propositional attitudes of conversational partners

Subjectivity, intersubjectivity and the negotiation of common ground in spoken discourse: Final particles in English

“…a confirmation) projected by the preceding utterance. This way, actually is used to mark a ''breach of CG'' (Taglicht, 2001, p. 1) and introduces a repair of the CG (Smith and Jucker, 2000): the hearer is instructed to modify his/ her assumptions in order to integrate the unexpected content of the proposition with final actually and is thus updated in terms of information state and expectations on the validity of particular states of affairs. In the case of corrections, its CG-managing function is to instruct the hearer to remove p 1 and replace it by p 2 .…”

“…Often final particles are discussed together with their non-final counterparts (e.g. anyway in Altenberg (1986) and Lenk (1998); then in Schiffrin (1987); actually in Smith and Jucker (2000) and Traugott and Dasher (2002)), and not always the functional differences, which are related to the differences in syntactic distribution, are addressed in a straightforward way. The classification of these elements is rather unsystematic, partly based on their function, partly on their word-class allegiance, and thus far from being clear: they are classified as conjuncts in Quirk et al (1985, pp.…”

Fonetisk reduktion og kommunikative kontraster<br> Tilfældet <em>faktisk</em>

“…Modellen for faktisk's dialogiske funktion peger på at det danske faktisk har visse paralleller med fx engelsk actually (fx Smith & Jucker (2000) og Clift (2001)), og hollandsk eigenlijk (Plug 2005). Som den eneste af disse forfattere har Plug set på om forskellige dialogiske funktioner korrelerer med mere eller mindre distinkt udtale, og fundet at eigenlijk er staerkt reduceret (monosyllabisk) når det er del af en ytring der sigter på at korrigere talers egen tidligere diskurs, og ekspanderet (bi-og trisyllabisk) når det bruges til at påpege problemer i modtagers diskurs (2005: 137).…”

The Imperative ofSayas a Pragmatic Marker in English and Dutch

“…2002). The English literature has focused largely on pragmatic markers of adverbial origin (see, among others, Oh 2000, Smith & Jucker 2000, Clift 2001, Taglicht 2001, and Aijmer 2002. The markers of verbal origin, and in particular those of imperatival origin, have received significantly less attention.…”