Acute and Chronic Health Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Unfinished Agenda

Zeltner, Thomas; Riahi, Farhad; Huber, Jonas

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46889-1_18

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Skin diseases, for example, were linked to 20,000 deaths in Sub Saharan Africa, according to the WHO 2001 explosion on the wide reaching encumbrance of disease. This burden was comparable to the mortality rates associated with meningitis, hepatitis B, obstructed labour, and rheumatic heart disease in the same region (Zeltner et al, 2017). Risk of mortality is substantial when it results in a worse standard of living, deformity, impairment, or complaints like an unrelenting itchiness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Assessment of public awareness towards skin disease in Jouf region, Saudi Arabia

Alshaalan¹,

Alruwaili²,

Altaymani³

et al. 2022

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Background: In spite of the fact that skin disease is common, to evaluate the public's overall understanding, awareness and knowledge of skin disorders in Saudi Arabia, just one research was carried out. Objective: This study aims to assess public awareness toward dermatologic disorders in Jouf region and to assess prevalence of common dermatologic disorders among Saudi populace.Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among Saudi general population in Jouf, Saudi Arabia. Adult participants completed a selfadministrated questionnaire to assess knowledge of skin diseases. All data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 23. P-value less than 0.05 were considered for statistical significance. Results: The study included 453 participants, 73.5% were women. As for age, 51.4% of participants were more than 25 years old. Only 1.8% of participants think that all skin diseases are chronic while 16.1% think not. 2.9% think that all skin diseases are infectious while 20.8% think not, 2.4% think that all skin diseases are hereditary while 24.5% think not. Regarding prevalence of dermatologic disorders in the study participants, in addition to having 20.8% acne vulgaris, 3.5% had warts and 3.1% had psoriasis. Freckles made up 19.9% of the population, vitiligo 2%, albinism 5.1%, and claret stain 4.9% of the skin pigmentations. Only 0.2% of people had scabies, 11.5% had dandruff, and 50.1% suffered hair loss. Conclusion:The findings of the current study indicate that Saudi citizens generally have little understanding about prevalent dermatologic illnesses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Assessment of public awareness towards skin disease in Jouf region, Saudi Arabia

Alshaalan¹,

Alruwaili²,

Altaymani³

et al. 2022

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“…By 2030, the number of deaths from NCDs in Africa is projected to exceed that from communicable diseases and perinatal deaths combined [9]. Many countries in sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing a double burden of non-communicable and communicable diseases, which poses significant health challenges for populations, weakens health systems, and severely hinders the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal trends in the burden of non-communicable diseases in countries with the highest malaria burden, 1990–2019: Evaluating the double burden of non-communicable and communicable diseases in epidemiological transition

Shi

et al. 2022

Global Health

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Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are rapidly increasing in sub-Saharan African countries, where 96% of global malaria deaths occur. This study aimed to investigate the disease burden of NCDs in countries with the current highest malaria mortality. Methods Data for this study were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study (1990–2019). We selected the ten countries with malaria’s highest age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) and identified and ranked the five NCDs with the highest ASMR in each country. Measures of the NCDs disease burden included ASMR, age-standardised disability-adjusted life-years (DALY), years of life lost (YLL) and years lost due to a disability (YLD). The Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to examine the trends of the NCDs disease burden from 1990 to 2019. Results As of 2019, the ASMR of chronic liver disease, kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, hypertensive heart disease and stroke were higher than the global average. From 1990 to 2019, the ASMR for Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, type II diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease increased by 3.0%, 10.8%, 13.3%, and the age-standardised DALY rate increased by 3.7%, 27.6%, 6.3%, and the increases tended to be in younger populations. Conclusion The double burden of non-communicable and communicable diseases is crippling the health systems of many sub-Saharan African countries and is often neglected. The prevention, surveillance, and control of diseases require an integrated strategy, with governments and non-government organisations aligned and supported by the global initiative.

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“…Continuity of care across the lifespan and care settings is one of the critical elements of chronic diseases programs [9][10][11]. Health care provision in much of SSA, in contrast, is typically geared towards acute and/or episodic ill-health [12,13]. Given the region's resources constraints, creative strategies will be required to close this growing chronic care delivery gap [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage to HIV care and hypertension and diabetes control in rural South Africa: Results from the population-based Vukuzazi Study

Magodoro

Olivier²,

Gareta³

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for half of all deaths in South Africa, partly reflecting unmet NCDs healthcare needs. Leveraging existing HIV infrastructure is touted as a strategy to alleviate this chronic care gap. We evaluated whether HIV care platforms are associated with improved NCDs care. We conducted a community-based screening of adults in rural KwaZulu-Natal, collecting BP, HbA1c, and health services utilization data. Care cascade indicators for hypertension and diabetes mellitus were defined as: 1) aware, if previously diagnosed, 2) in care, if seeing a provider within last 6 months; 3) treated, if reporting medication use within preceding 2 weeks; and 4) controlled, if BP<140/90mmHg or HbA1c<6.5%. We fit multivariable adjusted logistic regression models to compare successful completion of each step of the care cascade for hypertension and diabetes between people with virally suppressed HIV and HIV-negative comparators. Inverse probability sampling weights were applied to derive population-level estimates. The analytic sample included 4,933 individuals [mean age 58.4 years; 77% female]. Compared to being HIV-negative, having suppressed HIV was associated with lower adjusted prevalence of being aware (-6.0% [95% CI: -11.0, -1.1%]), in care (-5.7% [-10.6, -0.8%]), and in treatment (-4.8% [-9.7, 0.1%]) for diabetes; but higher adjusted prevalence of controlled diabetes (3.2% [0.2–6.2%]). In contrast, having suppressed HIV was associated with higher adjusted prevalence of being aware (7.4% [5.3–9.6%]), in care (8.0% [5.9–10.2%]), in treatment (8.4% [6.1–10.6%]) and controlled (9.0% [6.2–11.8%]), for hypertension. Overall, disease control was achieved for 40.0% (38.6–40.8%) and 6.8% (5.9–7.8%) of individuals with hypertension and diabetes, respectively. Engagement in HIV care in rural KwaZulu-Natal was generally associated with worse diabetes care and improved hypertension care. While further work should explore how success of HIV programs can be translated to NCD care, strengthening of primary healthcare will also be needed to respond to the growing NCDs epidemic.

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Acute and Chronic Health Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Unfinished Agenda

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Assessment of public awareness towards skin disease in Jouf region, Saudi Arabia

Assessment of public awareness towards skin disease in Jouf region, Saudi Arabia

Temporal trends in the burden of non-communicable diseases in countries with the highest malaria burden, 1990–2019: Evaluating the double burden of non-communicable and communicable diseases in epidemiological transition

Linkage to HIV care and hypertension and diabetes control in rural South Africa: Results from the population-based Vukuzazi Study

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