Acute and steady-state insulin responses to glucose in nonobese diabetic subjects

Insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and glucose effectiveness in diabetic and non-diabetic cirrhotic patients

“…glucose [34,35] as well as to oral glucose [34,36,37]. In keeping with earlier reports [38] we found a good correlation between the 6-19 rain Ko value and the incremental first phase insulin response to glucose in both control subjects (r = 0.873, p < 0.001) and the combined cirrhotic patient groups (r = 0.797, p < 0.001). It is unlikely that this relationship simply reflects the effect of insulin on peripheral tissues, as there is a substantial delay between an increase in plasma insulin and the effect of this increase on glucose disposal [20,21,39].…”

Glucose control of basal insulin secretion in diabetes

“…Diabetic patients usually have normal fasting plasma insulin concentrations although they have increased basal plasma glucose levels [1]. The steady-state plasma insulin response to prolonged infusions of small amounts of glucose has been reported to be normal in diabetics [1,2], although the plasma glucose concentrations are higher than in normal subjects.…”

“…The steady-state plasma insulin response to prolonged infusions of small amounts of glucose has been reported to be normal in diabetics [1,2], although the plasma glucose concentrations are higher than in normal subjects. However, diabetics have a markedly deficient insulin response to an acute rise in plasma glucose [1,3,5].…”

“…The steady-state plasma insulin response to prolonged infusions of small amounts of glucose has been reported to be normal in diabetics [1,2], although the plasma glucose concentrations are higher than in normal subjects. However, diabetics have a markedly deficient insulin response to an acute rise in plasma glucose [1,3,5]. It has been postulated that basal and stimulated insulin secretion are from different 'pools' [1,6], and that in diabetes the basal insulin secretion 'pool' is intact while the 'acute pool', which provides stimulated insulin secretion, is defective [1].…”

“…However, diabetics have a markedly deficient insulin response to an acute rise in plasma glucose [1,3,5]. It has been postulated that basal and stimulated insulin secretion are from different 'pools' [1,6], and that in diabetes the basal insulin secretion 'pool' is intact while the 'acute pool', which provides stimulated insulin secretion, is defective [1].…”