Acute and Subchronic Toxicity of Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS) from Chloroform Bay Leaf Extract (<i>Eugenia Polyantha</i> W.) with Palm Kernel Oil as A Carrier

Prihapsara, Fea; Mufidah,; Artanti, Anif Nur; Harini, Marti

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/333/1/012066

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…From Figure e, it can be observed that treatment with cuminaldehyde self‐emulsified nanoemulsion (CuA‐SEN) significantly improved histopathological findings albeit some fatty degeneration occurring which could possibly be attributed to the cytosolic lipid droplets usually present in healthy liver tissues . Besides, the fatty degeneration could be due to potential mild signs of toxicity on liver by higher doses of SEN nanocarriers as reported by others . Therefore, future research will comprehensively investigate the possible acute and subchronic toxicity of the CuA‐SEN in experimental animals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…[94] Besides, the fatty degeneration could be due to potential mild signs of toxicity on liver by higher doses of SEN nanocarriers as reported by others. [95] Therefore, future research will comprehensively investigate the possible acute and subchronic toxicity of the CuA-SEN in experimental animals. Overall, these findings suggested that the optimised CuA-SEN exhibited remarkable antihepatotoxicity against CCl 4 -induced liver damage.…”

Section: In-vivo Evaluation Of Antioxidation Anti-inflammation and Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel cuminaldehyde self-emulsified nanoemulsion for enhanced antihepatotoxicity in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice

Adu‐Frimpong

Wei

Firempong

et al. 2019

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Objectives Cuminaldehyde self‐emulsified nanoemulsion (CuA‐SEN) was prepared and optimised to improve its oral bioavailability and antihepatotoxicity. Methods Cuminaldehyde self‐emulsified nanoemulsion was developed through the self‐nanoemulsification method using Box–Behnken Design (BBD) tool while appropriate physicochemical indices were evaluated. The optimised CuA‐SEN was characterised via droplet size (DS), morphology, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency, in‐vitro release, and pharmacokinetic studies while its antihepatotoxicity was evaluated. Key findings Cuminaldehyde self‐emulsified nanoemulsion with acceptable characteristics (mean DS‐48.83 ± 1.06 nm; PDI‐0.232 ± 0.140; ZP‐29.92 ± 1.66 mV; EE‐91.51 ± 0.44%; and drug‐loading capacity (DL)‐9.77 ± 0.75%) was formulated. In‐vitro drug release of CuA‐SEN significantly increased with an oral relative bioavailability of 171.02%. Oral administration of CuA‐SEN to CCl4‐induced hepatotoxicity mice markedly increased the levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase in serum. Also, CuA‐SEN reduced the levels of tumour necrosis factor‐alpha and interleukin‐6 in both serum and liver tissues while aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and malonaldehyde levels were significantly decreased. Conclusions These findings showed that the improved bioavailability of cuminaldehyde via SEN provided an effective approach for enhancing antioxidation, anti‐inflammation and antihepatotoxicity of the drug.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: In-vivo Evaluation Of Antioxidation Anti-inflammation and Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel cuminaldehyde self-emulsified nanoemulsion for enhanced antihepatotoxicity in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice

Adu‐Frimpong

Wei

Firempong

et al. 2019

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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“…[ 20 ] Meanwhile, Tween 20, a surfactant from the class of polysorbate appeared more toxic on cell line assay[ 21 ] and as co-surfactant, PEG-400 induced slight renal toxicity[ 22 ] and mucosal changes in the stomach. [ 23 ] With the emerged of toxicity from SNEDDS formulation,[ 24 ] this study is aimed to evaluate acute potential toxicity of AND SNEDDS formulation using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 401 method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Andrographolide Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) Formulation

Ramadani

Syukri

Hasanah

et al. 2021

Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences

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Context: Andrographolide (AND) is an active compound of well-known medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata. It has been widely published for various activities. AND is difficult to develop into dosage form due to its poor solubility and bioavailability. This problem could be solved by using self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for its formulation. However, the increase of bioavailability might result in potential toxicity as a large amount of drug is absorbed. Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the acute potential toxicity using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) test: 401 methods. Subjects and Methods: The OECD 401 method employs groups of animals treated by a single dose or repeated dose (<24 h) of the drug with three variances of doses. In this study, thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups which consisted two groups of control and three groups of AND SNEDDS formulation (500, 700, and 900 mg/kg body weight [BW], respectively). Intensive observation of toxicity symptom was performed during the first 30 minutes followed by periodic observation for 14 days. Posttermination, histopathological examination of the liver and kidney was conducted to confirm the toxicity symptoms. To determine the level of toxicity, the lethal dose 50 (LD50) value was calculated at the end of the study. Results: The result showed that all groups presented similar toxicological symptoms such as salivation, lethargy, and cornea reflex. However, based on histopathological examination, there were abnormalities, but still in an early stage. The toxicological symptom that emerged seems related to the SNEDDS formulation with lipophilic properties. Furthermore, the value of LD50 was 832.6 mg/kg BW (po). Conclusions: The AND SNEDDS formulation was slightly toxic in male Wistar rats po.

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Preparation, Characterization, and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Carvacrol-Self-Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Towards Healthy Sprague Dawley Rats

Maarouf,

Rahman

2024

Natural Product Communications

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Background: Carvacrol (CAR) is the active component in essential oils (EOs) of many fragrant plants, including oregano and thyme; however, its high toxicity restricts its usage in biomedical fields, and the self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was suggested to overcome this issue. Objective: To prepare and characterize the CAR-loaded SNEDDS and to assess its toxicity profile towards healthy rats using the in vivo sub-chronic study. Methods: SNEDDS was prepared from olive oil, dimethyl sulfoxide, Tween-80, and distilled water, then CAR-SNEDDS was prepared by adding 0.5% CAR to SNEDDS and both composites were gently agitated for 72 h at room temperature. Later on, both composites were physiochemically characterized for size/charge (Zetasizer), shape (TEM), crystallinity (XRAD), composition (FTIR), and quantitated (UV–Vis). Additionally, the sub-chronic toxicity of both composites at different doses was conducted by orally treating healthy Sprague Dawley for 4 weeks. Then, the treated rats were checked for toxicological symptoms, food/water intake, and behavioral abnormality. In addition, the blood samples were tested for hematologic/biochemical changes, while vital organs (liver and kidney) were assessed for histopathological alterations. Results: The average globule size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index of CAR-SNEDDS were 158.93 ± 22.18 nm, −22.56 ± 1.77 mV, 0.553 ± 0.31, respectively. All treated animal tissues, serum biochemical profiles, and total hemograms were normal. At 30-90 mg/kg oral doses, CAR-SNEDDS was not toxic and did not cause mortality. Conclusions: CAR-SNEDDS was successfully synthesized and characterized, and the results from sub-chronic oral toxicity studies showed that the CAR-SNEDDS were non-toxic and safe for biomedical fields.

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Acute and Subchronic Toxicity of Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS) from Chloroform Bay Leaf Extract (Eugenia Polyantha W.) with Palm Kernel Oil as A Carrier

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Novel cuminaldehyde self-emulsified nanoemulsion for enhanced antihepatotoxicity in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice

Novel cuminaldehyde self-emulsified nanoemulsion for enhanced antihepatotoxicity in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice

Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Andrographolide Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) Formulation

Preparation, Characterization, and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Carvacrol-Self-Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Towards Healthy Sprague Dawley Rats

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