Acute appendicitis is characterised by local invasion with Fusobacterium nucleatum/necrophorum

Swidsinski, Alexander; Dörffel, Yvonne; Loening‐Baucke, Vera; Theissig, F; Rückert, Jens C.; Ismail, Mahmoud; Rau, Walter A; Gaschler, Dagmar; Weizenegger, Michael; Kühn, Sigmar; Schilling, Johannes; Dörffel, W

doi:10.1136/gut.2009.191320

Cited by 388 publications

(376 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…nucleatum is a known proinflammatory pathogen (20,29,43), and it was of interest to determine if the F. nucleatum strains also stimulated the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-␣ and IL-1␤. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: F Nucleatum Infection Of Ls 174t Cells Induces Mucin and Tnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, interference with mucin integrity is a potential strategy whereby pathogenic bacteria in the gut might gain an advantage over the host. The non-spore-forming, anaerobic, Gramnegative bacterial species Fusobacterium nucleatum is both a normal inhabitant of the human mouth and gut and a recognized opportunistic pathogen implicated in inflammatory diseases of both the mouth, such as periodontitis, and the gut, such as appendicitis and IBD (36,40,43). F. nucleatum, as a species, is highly heterogeneous, and it has been shown that some strains behave as pathogens while others are more benign; however, the basis for these differences is currently not known (18,19).…”

Section: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Ibd) Is An Umbrella Term For a Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fusobacterium nucleatum Infection of Colonic Cells Stimulates MUC2 Mucin and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha

et al. 2011

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The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease is not completely known, but it is influenced by the presence of normal gut microflora as well as yet-unrecognized pathogens. The anaerobic, Gram-negative bacterial species Fusobacterium nucleatum is a common resident of the human mouth and gut and varies in its pathogenic potential. In this study, we demonstrate that highly invasive F. nucleatum isolates derived from the inflamed guts of Crohn's disease patients evoked significantly greater MUC2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣) gene expression than minimally invasive strains isolated from the noninflamed gut in human colonic epithelial cells and in a rat ligated colonic loop model of infection. Only live F. nucleatum induced mucin secretion and TNF-␣ expression in direct contact with and/or during invasion of colonic cells. In rat colons, mucin secretion was augmented in response to a highly invasive F. nucleatum isolate but was unaffected by treatment with a minimally invasive strain. Taken together, these studies reveal that F. nucleatum may represent a challenging pathogen in the etiology of gut inflammatory diseases and highlight the importance of different pathotypes of candidate bacterial species in disease pathogenesis.

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Section: F Nucleatum Infection Of Ls 174t Cells Induces Mucin and Tnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Ibd) Is An Umbrella Term For a Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusobacterium nucleatum Infection of Colonic Cells Stimulates MUC2 Mucin and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha

et al. 2011

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“…Very recently, a critical role for Fusobacterium nucleatum/ necrophorum was postulated. 6 The immunologic reactions to preclude bacterial translocation and systemic complications like sepsis are mainly unclear. Under normal conditions, epithelial defense mechanisms prevent intestinal infection and/or translocation against the multitude of different bacteria and fungi colonizing the gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic changes in microbial community composition and expression of innate immune genes in acute appendicitis

et al. 2013

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Appendicitis represents a common and severe gastrointestinal illness in younger individuals worldwide. The disease is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response and it is believed that bacterial overgrowth due to blockage of the appendix lumen might be involved. Despite the high incidence, only limited data on the pathophysiological changes exist; in particular, the innate immune responses involved are largely unknown. Real-time PCR analysis of tissue samples from inflamed and normal appendices demonstrated differentially regulated expression patterns of epithelial-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMP). The a-defensins human neutrophil peptides 1-3, HD5 and HD6, as well as the two b-defensins, human b-defensins (hBD)-2 and hBD-3, were up-regulated, whereas hBD-1 was down-regulated in acute appendicitis. Expression of upstream regulators of AMP expression, NOD-2 and TLRs 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 10 was significantly increased as detected by real-time PCR. Finally, we confirmed the involvement of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-8, and detected characteristic changes in microbial community composition in appendicitis tissue specimens by 16S rDNA based detection techniques. In this study, we demonstrate a differential regulation of the innate immune system along with an altered bacterial diversity in acute appendicitis.

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“…In particular, two North American studies in 2012 showed overrepresentation of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer tumors versus surrounding normal tissue (10,15). F. nucleatum is a highly invasive, gram-negative anaerobic bacterium and part of the oral and gut commensal microbiota that has been linked to several diseases, such as appendicitis (16) and inflammatory bowel disease (17). This bacterium may contribute to colorectal cancer development by invading colonic mucosa and inducing local inflammation and increased expression of cytokines, leading to colorectal disease (18).…”

Section: The Colon Cancer Microbiome In the Context Of Human Intralummentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Fecal Microbiome–Based Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer

Narayanan

Peppelenbosch

Konstantinov

2014

Cancer Prevention Research

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Colorectal cancer may develop slowly over years from precursor lesions, and thus screening combined with early diagnosis is the key to disease prevention. Recent studies have elucidated specific traits in the gut microbiome associated with colorectal cancer and suggested that the microbiome may be useful in screening for colorectal cancer purposes but failed to provide protocols that can be applied in a practical situation. A recent study by Zackular and colleagues, presented on page 1112, provides an important way forward here in showing that specific analysis of multiple aspects of the microbiome composition in toto provides reliable detection of both precancerous and cancerous lesions. This important achievement when combined with other noninvasive techniques promises to provide highly effective tools for early colorectal cancer diagnosis and its prevention. Cancer Prev Res; 7(11); 1108-11.

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Acute appendicitis is characterised by local invasion with Fusobacterium nucleatum/necrophorum

Abstract: Local infection with Fusobacterium nucleatum/necrophorum is responsible for the majority of cases of acute appendicitis.

Cited by 388 publications

References 32 publications

Fusobacterium nucleatum Infection of Colonic Cells Stimulates MUC2 Mucin and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha

Fusobacterium nucleatum Infection of Colonic Cells Stimulates MUC2 Mucin and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha

Characteristic changes in microbial community composition and expression of innate immune genes in acute appendicitis

Human Fecal Microbiome–Based Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer

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