Acute circuit-resistance exercise increases expression of lymphocyte agouti-related protein in young women

Abstract

Exercise-induced leukocytosis and lymphocytosis is accompanied by up-regulation and down-regulation of hundreds of genes in white blood cells (WBCs). Agouti-related protein (AgRP) is an orexigenic peptide secreted predominantly from the arcuate nucleus in the hypothalamus. AgRP affects feeding behavior and plays a role in energy and glucose homeostasis and adiposity. The purpose of the study was to determine effects of circuit resistance exercise (CRE) (9 exercises, 25 s per exercise) at different intensities on peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) AgRP mRNA expression and its concentrations in lymphocytes and plasma. Twenty-five young female college students were randomly divided into five groups: control, 40% 1-repetition maximum (1-RM), 60% 1-RM, 80% 1-RM and combined (40 + 60 + 80% 1-RM) loads. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by a lymphocyte density gradient centrifugation method for AgRP mRNA expression. Lymphocyte ATP, glycogen, AgRP, growth hormone (GH), and plasma AgRP, GH and glucose concentrations were measured. CRE increased AgRP mRNA lymphocyte expression significantly (P < 0.0001) at all intensities. A higher and significant (P < 0.01) increase was found in the 60% 1-RM group when compared with the other groups. The CRE-induced lymphocyte AgRP expression was accompanied by elevations in plasma AgRP, glucose and GH levels as well as higher WBCs, lymphocytes and neutrophil counts. Lymphocyte AgRP and GH concentrations were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Lymphocyte ATP content was unchanged and glycogen was reduced in the combined group but not in the other groups. Data indicate that AgRP mRNA is expressed in PBLs and that CRE increases its expression. Data also reveal that the expression of AgRP was accompanied with higher plasma AgRP and GH concentrations. Findings suggest that AgRP may provide an important signal in the immune environment and that the lymphocyte may be considered as an extra-hypothalamic source of plasma AgRP following exercise stress.

Immune responses to an upper body tri‐set resistance training session

“…Thus, the characterization and understanding of the immune responses may aid to future design and dose-response prescriptions of RT based on additional physiological variables, rather than just neuromuscular and metabolic parameters. As demonstrated in previous studies, leucocytosis observed immediately after the end of the RT sessions are represented mainly by the increases in neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, respectively, while training loads, rest intervals and the methods can influence the magnitude of this response (Nieman et al, 2004;Mayhew et al, 2005;Ghanbari-Niaki et al, 2010;Paulsen et al, 2010). As demonstrated in previous studies, leucocytosis observed immediately after the end of the RT sessions are represented mainly by the increases in neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, respectively, while training loads, rest intervals and the methods can influence the magnitude of this response (Nieman et al, 2004;Mayhew et al, 2005;Ghanbari-Niaki et al, 2010;Paulsen et al, 2010).…”

“…In this context, studies can be found which have investigated the acute responses and chronic adaptations to the immune system in response to specific RT methods, such as single set (Pizza et al, 2001), multiple sets (Nieman et al, 2004;Simonson & Jackson, 2004;Mayhew et al, 2005;Paulsen et al, 2010) and circuit (Ghanbari-Niaki et al, 2010). Interestingly, no further studies have been designed to investigate acute immune responses to a tri-set RT session using three exercises for the same muscle group with no rest between them (Voight et al, 2007).…”

Efeitos da suplementação carboidratada e de diferentes tipos de treinamento físico sobre as concentrações de células sanguíneas

“…Hypoglycemia caused during exercise also results in high response to stress and aassociated immunosuppression 4 . The circulation of white cells in the blood rapidly increases with exercise 5 . However, the training effect on the immune function depends on the intensity and the kind of exercise practiced 6 .…”

Acute Hematological Profile Response to One Session of Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise among Young Male Kickboxers

“…The effect of physical activity in various patterns on different physiological systems, particularly blood cells, has been clearly investigated (1)(2)(3). Like any physiological tissue, blood does not provide the same response concerning every exercise, either.…”

“…Regarding the essential role of white blood cells (WBC) in the immune system as well as their capability of gene expression due to one or several nuclei, a number of studies have focused on the effect of physical activities and exercise (2,9,10). McCarthy et al (11) found that exercising on an ergometer for 30 minutes with 48%-84% Vo2 max could increase the average number of WBC, and the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils also increased by 117%.…”