Acute effects of air pollutants on spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case-crossover study

Leiser, Claire L.; Hanson, Heidi A.; Sawyer, Kara; Steenblik, Jacob; Al-Dulaimi, Ragheed; Madsen, Troy; Gibbins, Karen J.; Hotaling, James M.; Ibrahim, Yetunde; VanDerslice, James; Fuller, Matthew

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.10.028

Cited by 56 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Some studies have investigated the associations between maternal exposure to NO 2 and SAB. Most of those reported studies used xed air monitoring station data to estimate individual NO 2 exposure and reported signi cant positive associations between NO 2 exposure and SAB risk [18,19,23,24]. Our ndings were consistent with the results of those previous studies.…”

Section: Sabsupporting

confidence: 92%

Nitrogen dioxide exposure during pregnancy and risk of spontaneous abortion: a case-control study in China

Wang

Hong

Sheng

et al. 2020

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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Background Evidence on the relationship between prenatal exposure to NO 2 and CO and spontaneous abortion (SAB) is insu cient. We investigated whether there is an association between maternal exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) and carbon monoxide (CO) before and during pregnancy and SAB. Methods We conducted a case-control study using medical records of 2445 pregnant women who admitted for abortion prior to 20 weeks of gestational age from January 2014 to December 2019 at a tertiary-care hospital in Shanghai, China. Of the 2445 participants, 1075 were SAB cases and 1370 were healthy controls (underwent elective abortions). Maternal exposure to NO 2 and CO before and during pregnancy was estimated using daily air pollution concentration data. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to quantify the relationships between maternal exposure to NO 2 or CO and the risk of SAB while controlling for potential confounders. Results NO 2 exposure levels during pregnancy were signi cantly higher in SAB cases than in healthy controls (42.26 vs 40.67, P < 0.01). NO 2 exposure during pregnancy was positively associated with the risk of SAB. An interquartile range (16 µg/m 3) increase in NO 2 exposure was associated with 67% increase in the odds of SAB (OR = 1.67, 95% CI, 1.28, 2.18). Analyses of associations by quartile of NO 2 exposure showed that elevated NO 2 exposure during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of SAB in linear doseresponse manners. Compared with the lowest quartile of NO 2 exposure, the odds of SAB in the fourth quartile of NO 2 exposure increased 60% (OR = 1.60, 95% CI, 1.03-2.49). No associations of CO exposure with SAB risk were observed. Conclusion Our study suggested that exposure to NO 2 during early pregnancy was associated with increased risk of SAB. Further studies are need to con rm our results and explore the potential biological mechanism underlying these associations.

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Section: Sabsupporting

confidence: 92%

Nitrogen dioxide exposure during pregnancy and risk of spontaneous abortion: a case-control study in China

Wang

Hong

Sheng

et al. 2020

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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“…Often the choice falls on regression models. Both time-series (Bell et al 2004;Zheng et al 2015;Jie et al 2018) and case-crossover designs are widely used (Taj et al 2017;Leiser et al 2018). Although, in addition to these consolidated study designs, for the same purposes, also other methods are being routinely used, e.g., crosssectional studies or case-control studies (Nieuwenhuijsen 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The short-term effects of air pollution on respiratory disease hospitalizations in 5 cities in Poland: comparison of time-series and case-crossover analyses

Slama

Śliwczyński

Woźnica-Pyzikiewicz

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Very few publications have compared different study designs investigating the short-term effects of air pollutants on healthcare visits and hospitalizations for respiratory tract diseases. This study describes, using two different study designs (a case-crossover design and a time-series analysis), the association of air pollutants and respiratory disease hospitalizations. The study has been conducted on 5 cities in Poland on a timeline of almost 4 years. DLNM and regression models were both used for the assessment of the short-term effects of air pollution peaks on respiratory hospitalizations. Both case-crossover and time-series studies equally revealed a positive association between air pollution peaks and hospitalization occurrences. Results were provided in the form of percentage increase of a respiratory visit/hospitalization, for each 10-μg/m 3 increment in single pollutant level for both study designs. The most significant estimated % increases of hospitalizations linked to increase of 10 μg/m 3 of pollutant have been recorded in general with particulate matter, with highest values for 24 h PM 2.5 in Warsaw (6.4%, case-crossover; 4.5%, time series, respectively) and in Białystok (5.6%, case-crossover; 4.5%, time series, respectively). The casecrossover analysis results have shown a larger CI in comparison to the results of the time-series analysis, while the lag days were easier to identify with the case-crossover design. The trends and the overlap of the results occurring from both methods are good and show applicability of both study designs to air pollution effects on short-term hospitalizations.

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“…Recent studies have uncovered a positive association between pollution and spontaneous abortion ( Leiser et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ), so our analyses presented here allow for more specific hypotheses regarding the potential chemicals that might cause preferential abortions of male or female fetuses. Fortunately, most of the putative positive associations identi1ed in our study are experimentally testable, at least with animal models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, terrorist attacks and earthquakes), radiation, weather parameters, and even seasons of conception (Table 1). While there are multiple studies in which the positive associations between air pollution and spontaneous abortion have been observed ( Leiser et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ), most of those conclusions were drawn based on analyses of relatively small samples (Table 1). In this study, we harnessed the power of two very large datasets: MarketScan’s insurance claim data ( Hansen, 2017 ) in the United States (more than 100 million unique patients and more than three million unique newborns recorded between 2003 to 2011), and Sweden’s birth registry data (∼ 3.2 million newborns from 1983 to 2013) ( Emilsson et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mythical and Observable Trends in Human Sex Ratio at Birth

Rzhetsky

Long

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The human sex ratio at birth (SRB) is defined as the ratio between the number of 11 newborn boys to the total number of newborns per time unit. It is, typically, slightly greater than 1 2 12 (more boys than girls) and fluctuates over time. In this study, we sought to "myth-check" previously 13 reported associations (and test new hypotheses) using variants of mixed-effect regression analyses 14 and time-series models on two very large electronic health record datasets, representing the 15 populations in the United States and Sweden, respectively. Our results revealed that neither 16 dataset supported models in which the SRB changed seasonally or in response to variations in 17 ambient temperature, and that an increased level of a diverse array of pollutants were associated 18 with lower SRBs. Moreover, we found that increased levels of industrial and agricultural activity, 19 which served as proxies for water pollution, were also associated with lower SRBs. 20 21 42 215 We are grateful to E. Gannon and M. Rzhetsky for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. References 221 Benjamini Y, Yekutieli D, et al. The control of the false discovery rate in multiple testing under dependency. The 222 annals of statistics. 2001; 29(4):1165-1188. 223 Box GE, Jenkins GM, Reinsel GC, Ljung GM. Time series analysis: forecasting and control. John Wiley & Sons; 224 2015. 225 Breusch TS. Testing for autocorrelation in dynamic linear models. Australian Economic Papers. 1978; 17(31):334-226 355. 227 Brodersen KH, Gallusser F, Koehler J, Remy N, Scott SL, et al. Inferring causal impact using Bayesian structural 228 time-series models. The Annals of Applied Statistics. 2015; 9(1):247-274. 229 Bruckner TA, Catalano R. Selection in utero and population health: theory and typology of research. SSM-230 population health. 2018; 5:101-113. 231 Bürkner PC. brms: An R package for Bayesian multilevel models using STAN. Journal of Statistical Software. 232 2017; 80(1):1-28. 233 Catalano R, Bruckner T, Smith KR. Ambient temperature predicts sex ratios and male longevity.

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Acute effects of air pollutants on spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case-crossover study

Cited by 56 publications

References 31 publications

Nitrogen dioxide exposure during pregnancy and risk of spontaneous abortion: a case-control study in China

Nitrogen dioxide exposure during pregnancy and risk of spontaneous abortion: a case-control study in China

The short-term effects of air pollution on respiratory disease hospitalizations in 5 cities in Poland: comparison of time-series and case-crossover analyses

Mythical and Observable Trends in Human Sex Ratio at Birth

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