Acute effects of inhalable particles on the frog palate mucociliary epithelium.

Abstract

This work was designed to evaluate the toxicity of inhalable particles c: 10 pm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) coliected from the urban air in Sio Paulo, Brazil, to the mucociliary apparatus using the frog palate preparation. Seven groups of frog palates were immersed in different concentrations of PM10 diluted in Ringer's solution during 120 mi: 0 (control, n = 31); 50 (n = 10); 100 (n -9); 500 (n = 28); 1,000 (n = 10); 5,000 (n = 11); and 10,000 pg/m3 (n = 10). Mucociliary transport and transepithelial potential difference were determined at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min exposure. Additional groups (control and 500 pg/m3) were studied by means ofmorphometric analyses (quantification of the amount of intraepithelial and surface mucins), measurement of cilia beat frequency, and quantification of total glutathione. Mucociliary transport and transepithelial potential difference were significantly decreased at higher concentrations of PM10 (p m 0.03 and p _ 0.02, respectively). Exposure to PM10 also elicited a significant decrease of total glutathione (p 0.003) and depletion ofneutral intraepithelial mucins (p = 0.0461). These results show that PM10 can promote sigficapt alterations in ciliated epithelium in vi".

Adsorption of organic matter by inorganic particulate in air pollution

“…These additional substances contribute to the aggravation of the pollution. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the pollutant gases present in the atmosphere, coming from vehicles and/or industries, can be toxic to the health of the population and harmful to the environment [1][2][3][4].…”

Medidas de indicadores de estresse oxidativo e de remodelamento cardíaco em camundongos expostos à poluição atmosférica ambiental durante o desenvolvimento embrionário e pós-natal

“…A exposição à poluição atmosférica em São Paulo pode provocar alterações inflamatórias das vias aéreas em animais e humanos, alterações no transporte mucociliar, alterações no perfil secretor de mucinas do epitélio respiratório e alterações do parênquima e vasos pulmonares (Böhm et al, 1989;Lemos et al, 1994;Macchione et al, 1999;Batalha et al, 2002;Saldiva et al, 2002). Sabe-se que, em curto prazo, os efeitos da poluição são mais sentidos por idosos, crianças e pessoas com problemas cardíacos e pulmonares pré-existentes (Pope & Dockery, 1992;Schwartz & Neas, 2000;Goldberg et al 2001) e que, em longo prazo, a exposição pode reduzir a longevidade (Dockery et al, 1993;Pope et al, 1995;Schwartz, 2000) e diminuir a expectativa de vida em 1 a 2 anos para diferenças reais de exposição (Brunekreef, 1997 (Hajat et al, 1999), São Paulo (Lin et al, 1999;Saldiva et al, 1994), Los Angeles (Ostro et al, 2001), Boston ) e muitas outras (para revisão ver Brunekreef & Holgate, 2002).…”