Acute effects of marijuana on cognition: Relationships to chronic effects and smoking techniques

Block, Robert I.; Farinpour, Roxanna; Braverman, Kathleen

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(92)90424-e

Cited by 73 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Miller and Branconnier (1983) have suggested that this effect reflects failure to habituate to extraneous or irrelevant information, increasing the chances that it will be included as part of the list to-be-recalled. Alternatively, intrusions may reflect a weakening of associative links between encoded items, instead promoting new associations that could prompt intrusive errors (Block et al, 1992). Performing the Spatial Span task involves representing the order of presented cues, ready for recall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Doses of Δ-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Have Divergent Effects on Short-Term Spatial Memory in Young, Healthy Adults

Mäkelä

Wakeley

Gijsman

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Evidence suggests that manipulating spatial information within working memory depends upon a circuitry organized around the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the activity of the catecholamine systems. Other evidence attests to the effects of D-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on short-term spatial memory function, most probably involving CB 1 receptor activity within hippocampal circuitries. At the current time, there have been no systematic studies of the effects of THC on spatial working memory in human subjects using tasks known to depend upon frontotemporal neural circuitries. We examined the effects of a single sublingual 5 mg dose of THC on a test of spatial working memory (requiring active manipulation of remembered spatial information for the management of future behavior) and a test of spatial span (requiring only the reproduction of sequences of previously presented spatial cues). In all, 19 healthy adults were administered 5 mg THC and placebo in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject, crossover design. Male participants performed more accurately than female participants. THC significantly enhanced spatial working memory performance of female participants. By contrast, male and female participants produced more intrusion errors during performance of the Spatial Span task. These results suggest that THC has relatively complex effects on spatial memory in human subjects, perhaps reflecting altered CB 1 receptor activity within frontotemporal circuits or altered activity of mesocortical dopaminergic pathways in PFC areas associated with spatial memory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Doses of Δ-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Have Divergent Effects on Short-Term Spatial Memory in Young, Healthy Adults

Mäkelä

Wakeley

Gijsman

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…The subject smoked the cigarettes, which were held in a hemostat, while in a reclined position on the PET couch. A paced smoking procedure similar to that described in Block et al (1992) was used with subjects inhaling for 5 s, holding the smoke in their lungs for 5 s, and then exhaling. The subjects rested for 25 s and were then again told to inhale, hold and exhale.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marijuana is typically smoked, resulting in subjective effects that may include euphoria, depersonalization, altered time sense, lethargy, drowsiness, confusion, and anxiety (Solowij 1998). Smoking marijuana may also result in impairment on sensory, motor, and cognitive tasks (Block et al 1992;Heishman et al 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Smoking Marijuana on Brain Perfusion and Cognition

O'Leary

Block

Koeppel

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

156

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“…Widespread abuse of marijuana continues despite clear documentation of adverse effects. Acute consumption is associated with impaired performance on motor, psychomotor, and cognitive tasks (Block et al, 1992;Chait and Pierri, 1992). Physiological, subjective, and performance effects of marijuana in experienced smokers persist for 1 -2 days, and abusers may lack awareness of impairment (Yesavage et al, 1985;Heishman et al, 1990;Leirer et al, 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging the Brain Marijuana Receptor: Development of a Radioligand that Binds to Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors In Vivo

Gatley

Lan²,

Volkow

et al. 1998

Journal of Neurochemistry

116

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Abstract:The major active ingredient of marijuana, (-)-z~9 -tetrahydrocannabinol, exerts its psychoactive effects via binding to cannabinoid CB1 receptors, which are widely distributed in the brain. Radionuclide imaging of CB1 receptors in living human subjects would help explore the presently unknown physiological roles of this receptor system, as well as the neurochemical consequences of marijuana dependence. Currently available cannabinoid receptor radioligands are exceedingly lipophilic and unsuitable for in vivo use. We report the development of a novel radioligand,

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Acute effects of marijuana on cognition: Relationships to chronic effects and smoking techniques

Cited by 73 publications

References 44 publications

Low Doses of Δ-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Have Divergent Effects on Short-Term Spatial Memory in Young, Healthy Adults

Low Doses of Δ-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Have Divergent Effects on Short-Term Spatial Memory in Young, Healthy Adults

Effects of Smoking Marijuana on Brain Perfusion and Cognition

Imaging the Brain Marijuana Receptor: Development of a Radioligand that Binds to Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors In Vivo

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