Acute effects of resisted and assisted locomotor activation on sprint performance

Matusiński, Aleksander; Gołaś, Artur; Zając, Adam; Maszczyk, Adam

doi:10.5114/biolsport.2022.108706

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, there are no available data regarding resisted and assisted conditioning during priming sessions, although only 1 directly compared in PAPE protocol among sprinters (26), which limits the possibility of comparing our results with other studies. Nevertheless, significant knowledge, training clues, and perspectives for future investigations can be derived from the current data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Nevertheless, significant knowledge, training clues, and perspectives for future investigations can be derived from the current data. Matusiński et al (26) found that 3 × 30 m resisted sprint conditioning with a load of 10% body mass acutely enhanced 50-m sprint time, whereas 3 sets of 40-m assisted sprints, also with 10% body mass, have no impact on 50-m sprint time performed 8 minutes later in female sprinters. The authors suggested that this might be because of excessive velocity, which caused overstriding and a loss of coordination, which did not allow for acute enhancement of sprint performance (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering that little data are available on resistance priming and sprint performance regarding sprinters, we attempted to compare the acute and delayed (48-hour later) effects of 3 different configurations of 40-m sprints as precompetition activation protocols: (a) 4 sets of 10% body mass resisted; (b) 4 sets of 105% maximum velocity assisted sprint; (c) and 2 sets of assisted and 2 sets of resisted sprints, on acute and delayed (48 hours later) 50-m sprint time with 0- to 20-m and 20- to 50-m split time assessment, biceps femoris stiffness, and creatine kinase concentration. Given that previous studies showed the effectiveness of resisted sprints in inducing the PAPE effect (26,27), we hypothesized that they will also be effective in this study eliciting PAPE and priming effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These include bounding, sled towing, uphill sprinting, or harness running (4). Recently, Matusinski et al (26,27) evaluated the PAPE effects of resisted and assisted sprinting on starting speed, maximum running velocity, and power in elite female and male sprinters using the 1,080 Sprint drag technology for conditioning activities. The results were quite promising, and suggestions for optimizing sprint loading and rest intervals between the conditioning activity and the sprint were suggested (26,27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sprint Resisted and Assisted Priming for Peak Performance

Kotuła,

Matusiński,

Zając

et al. 2023

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Krzysztof, K, Aleksander, M, Adam, Z, and Krzysztofik, M. Sprint resisted and assisted priming for peak performance. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study aimed to investigate resisted and assisted sprint, or a combination of both, as a conditioning activity (CA) on creatine kinase activity, biceps femoris stiffness, postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE), and priming in a sprint. Ten female sprinters (age: 20.1 ± 2.3 years, body mass: 56.4 ± 4.2 kg, body height: 171 ± 5 cm, training experience: 5.6 ± 2 years) participated. Before the warm-up, blood samples were drawn to determine creatine kinase at baseline. After the warm-up, biceps femoris stiffness was determined, and consequently, 50-m sprint time (with 0- to 20-m and 20- to50-m split time evaluation) was assessed 5 minutes before (pre-CA) and in the seventh minute after the completion of each CA (4 sets of 40 m either: 10% body mass resisted [RST]; 105% maximum velocity assisted [AST] sprint; or 2 sets of each sprint as the CA [COMB]), as well as after 48 hours of recovery. Furthermore, another blood sample was taken 48 hours later, before the warm-up, to assess changes in creatine kinase activity. A significantly higher 20-m sprint time at post-CA (p = 0.006; ES = 0.4) and post-48 (p = 0.011; ES = 0.59) compared with pre-CA in the RST condition was found, whereas a significantly lower sprint time was reported in post-48 compared with post-CA (p = 0.019; ES = 0.44) in the COMB condition. However, a significantly lower 30-m flying sprint time at post-CA (p < 0.001; ES = 0.28) and at post-48 (p = 0.014; ES = 0.22) compared with pre-CA in the RST condition was revealed. Moreover, a significantly lower 30-m flying sprint time at post-48 compared with the pre-CA (p = 0.007; ES = 0.7 and p = 0.003; ES = 0.77) and with the post-CA (p = 0.019; ES = 0.61 and p = 0.009; ES = 0.68) in the AST condition and COMB was reported. Furthermore, a significantly lower 50-m sprint time at post-48 compared with pre-CA (p = 0.015; ES = 0.51 and p = 0.011; ES = 0.64) and with post-CA (p = 0.005; ES = 0.46 and p = 0.001; ES = 0.55) in the AST and COMB condition were found. The creatine kinase activity at post-48 during AST was significantly lower than during RST (p = 0.028; ES = 0.73) and COMB (p = 0.028; ES = 1.48). No significant changes were found for biceps femoris stiffness (p = 0.085; η2 = 0.199). The COMB and AST contributed to the improvement of the 50-m sprint time 48 hours after activation, which may be a good precompetition approach. However, during training sessions aiming to induce an acute PAPE effect and improve the 30-m flying sprint time, the best solution might be to use low-volume-resisted sprints.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sprint Resisted and Assisted Priming for Peak Performance

Kotuła,

Matusiński,

Zając

et al. 2023

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Self Cite

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“…Following at least 5 min of rest after the warm-up session, the subjects performed one unresisted and five resisted sprints with different loading conditions using a resistance training device with intelligent drag technology (1080 Sprint, 1080 Motion, Sweden) from a standing split-stance position. This device was developed as a portable resistance training device featuring a servo motor (2000 RPM OMRON G5 Series Motor, OMRON Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) and has been used in recent resisted sprint studies [13,[18][19][20][21]. In resisted sprint, "normal mass resistance mode" was used, simulating the inertial properties of a normal mass (i.e., a cable-driven weight stack) in gravity (https://1080motion.com/).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of horizontal resistance loads on spatiotemporal and ground reaction force variables during maximal sprint acceleration

Sugisaki,

Kobayashi,

Yoshimoto

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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This study aimed to elucidate the influence of horizontal resistance loads on the spatiotemporal and ground reaction force (GRF) variables during maximal sprint acceleration. Nine male sprinters (20.2 ± 1.2 years; 175.3 ± 4.5 cm, 69.7 ± 6.1 kg) performed sprint-running with six loading conditions of one unresisted and five resisted loads of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 kg using a resistance training device with intelligent drag technology. During the trials, the GRFs for all steps were determined using a 50-m force plate system. The spatiotemporal and GRF variables at running velocity of every 0.5 m/s were obtained and compared across the loading conditions. The maximal running velocity under 0, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 kg loading conditions were 9.84 ± 0.41, 8.55 ± 0.41, 8.09 ± 0.33, 7.62 ± 0.34, 7.11 ± 0.31, and 6.71 ± 0.29 m/s, respectively. ANOVA revealed significant main effects of load on the measured variables (η2 = 0.236–0.715, p < 0.05), except for stance-averaged anteroposterior GRF and braking impulse. However, the observed differences between the loading conditions were small, with approximately 4% (1.3–7.5%) for the GRF variables and approximately 9% (1.2–22.3%) for the spatiotemporal variables. The present study indicates that horizontal resistance load in sprint acceleration has little impact on the spatiotemporal and GRF variables at a given running velocity. In contrast to a general recommendation, one should adopt a heavy load in resisted sprint aiming to improve performance in the earlier stage of maximal sprint acceleration.

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Effects of Different Conditioning Activities on the Sprint Performance of Elite Sprinters: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Loturco,

Pereira,

Moura

et al. 2024

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Purpose: Postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE), which refers to the phenomena associated with the attainment of enhanced performance in sport-specific tasks after a conditioning activity, is an important objective of warming-up practices in many sports. This is even more relevant for sprinters, as potential increases in sprinting speed will directly influence their competitive results. This systematic review with meta-analysis evaluated the effects of different PAPE protocols (ie, using plyometrics, strength-power exercises, and resisted/assisted sprints) on the sprinting performance (ie, sprint time or sprint speed) of competitive sprinters. Methods: Initially, 1205 records published until last December 18 were identified, using the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Clarivate Web of Science. After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts, 14 high-quality studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Results: Overall, there were no significant changes in sprint performance after implementing various types of conditioning activities (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.16 [95% CI, −0.02 to 0.33]; Z = 1.78; P = .08; I2 = 0%). In addition, when comparing prechanges and postchanges between experimental, control, and other conditions, no significant differences were found in sprint speed or time across all studies (SMD = 0.09 [95% CI, −0.10 to 0.28]; Z = 0.92; P = .36; I = 0%). Conclusions: Results revealed that different types of conditioning activities may not be capable of acutely enhancing the sprint speed of competitive sprinters. This aligns with previous observations indicating that sprinting is a highly stable physical capacity, a phenomenon that is even more consistent among elite sprinters. Coaches and sport scientists should collaborate to develop more efficient PAPE protocols for these highly specialized athletes, with special attention to study design and individualization, while considering their effects on acceleration versus top speed.

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Acute effects of resisted and assisted locomotor activation on sprint performance

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Sprint Resisted and Assisted Priming for Peak Performance

Sprint Resisted and Assisted Priming for Peak Performance

Influence of horizontal resistance loads on spatiotemporal and ground reaction force variables during maximal sprint acceleration

Effects of Different Conditioning Activities on the Sprint Performance of Elite Sprinters: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

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