Acute exposure to a moderate strength static magnetic field reduces edema formation in rats

Morris, Cassandra; Skalak, Thomas C.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00529.2007

Cited by 76 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In these tests, histamine was used as positive control, because its injection into the skin by the prick technique mimics the allergen-induced oedema formation. The results of our human study showed that SMF-exposure significantly decreased oedema diameter in response to histamine in agreement with data obtained in an animal model in which application of SMF-exposure of moderate field strength (5-100 mT) for 15 or 30 min immediately following histamine injection into hind paws resulted in a significant oedema reduction [10]. Based on these pharmacological experiments, the authors proposed that SMF-exposure may activate L-type Ca 2þ channels in vascular smooth muscle cells that results in increased intracellular Ca 2þ levels and induces constriction thus limiting oedema formation [10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The results of our human study showed that SMF-exposure significantly decreased oedema diameter in response to histamine in agreement with data obtained in an animal model in which application of SMF-exposure of moderate field strength (5-100 mT) for 15 or 30 min immediately following histamine injection into hind paws resulted in a significant oedema reduction [10]. Based on these pharmacological experiments, the authors proposed that SMF-exposure may activate L-type Ca 2þ channels in vascular smooth muscle cells that results in increased intracellular Ca 2þ levels and induces constriction thus limiting oedema formation [10]. Although their work provided a rigorous scientific evaluation of the physiological effects of SMF-exposure on oedema in a rat model, it remains to be determined whether SMF-exposure changes vascular tone and/or influences microvascular permeability in human tissues (the possibilities of which were discussed in [45]).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Exposure to inhomogeneous static magnetic field beneficially affects allergic inflammation in a murine model

Csillag

Kumar

Szabó

et al. 2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Previous observations suggest that static magnetic field (SMF)-exposure acts on living organisms partly through reactive oxygen species (ROS) reactions. In this study, we aimed to define the impact of SMF-exposure on ragweed pollen extract (RWPE)-induced allergic inflammation closely associated with oxidative stress. Inhomogeneous SMF was generated with an apparatus validated previously providing a peak-to-peak magnetic induction of the dominant SMF component 389 mT by 39 T m 21 lateral gradient in the in vivo and in vitro experiments, and 192 mT by 19 T m 21 in the human study at the 3 mm target distance. Effects of SMF-exposure were studied in a murine model of allergic inflammation and also in human provoked skin allergy. We found that even a single 30-min exposure of mice to SMF immediately following intranasal RWPE challenge significantly lowered the increase in the total antioxidant capacity of the airways and decreased allergic inflammation. Repeated (on 3 consecutive days) or prolonged (60 min) exposure to SMF after RWPE challenge decreased the severity of allergic responses more efficiently than a single 30-min treatment. SMF-exposure did not alter ROS production by RWPE under cell-free conditions, while diminished RWPEinduced increase in the ROS levels in A549 epithelial cells. Results of the human skin prick tests indicated that SMF-exposure had no significant direct effect on provoked mast cell degranulation. The observed beneficial effects of SMF are likely owing to the mobilization of cellular ROS-eliminating mechanisms rather than direct modulation of ROS production by pollen NAD(P)H oxidases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Exposure to inhomogeneous static magnetic field beneficially affects allergic inflammation in a murine model

Csillag

Kumar

Szabó

et al. 2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…For example, application of a 120 mT SMF slowed the Ca 2þ channel activation rate in GH4 cells [Rosen, 1996]. Additionally, it has been found that exposure to a 10-70 mT SMF significantly reduced edema in rats [Morris and Skalak, 2008]. This reduction in the inflammatory response was thought to be due, in part, to modulation of L-type Ca 2þ channels [Morris and Skalak, 2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it has been found that exposure to a 10-70 mT SMF significantly reduced edema in rats [Morris and Skalak, 2008]. This reduction in the inflammatory response was thought to be due, in part, to modulation of L-type Ca 2þ channels [Morris and Skalak, 2008]. In contrast, some studies have found no effect of SMF exposure on calcium homeostasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 100 mT homogeneous static magnetic field on [Ca²⁺]_c response to ATP in HL‐60 cells following GSH depletion

Belton

Prato

Rozanski

et al. 2009

Bioelectromagnetics

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Calcium is an important molecule in a number of biological systems. Often these systems are signal transduction cascades involving molecules such as ATP. ATP activates second messengers which can interact with ion channels on the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum resulting in the emptying of the intracellular calcium stores and an increase in cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c). Changes in [Ca2+]c can be influenced by external factors such as a static magnetic field (SMF). One hypothesis suggests that a SMF affects the cells through the radical pair mechanism. By reducing the number of antioxidant molecules like glutathione (GSH), the proportion of free radicals in the cells is increased and may lead to a greater probability of a biological response to a SMF. The purpose of this study was to determine if the [Ca2+]c response to ATP was affected by depletion of GSH by diethylmaleate (DEM) and the absence or presence of a 100 mT homogeneous SMF. Undifferentiated HL-60 cells were loaded with fura-2 AM. [Ca2+]c was measured in real time using a ratiometric fluorescence spectroscopy system. Various (DEM) ranging from 1 to 15 mM were added to deplete GSH. Cells were either exposed to sham or magnetic field (100 mT) for 13 min (780 s) and challenged with 1 microM ATP. The data show that [Ca2+]c was elevated following treatment with DEM with greater [Ca2+]c at higher [DEM]. The [Ca2+]c response to ATP was decreased as the DEM concentration increased. However, there was no effect of a 100 mT SMF on the average [Ca2+]c peak following ATP activation or the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the [Ca2+]c response and recovery after ATP activation.

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“…Moderate SMF has proven to be effective in treating inflammatory agonist-induced edema in rats [Morris and Skalak, 2008], yet seemed to reduce the cognitive performance [Ammari et al, 2008;Lopuch, 2009]. Similarly to SMF, low frequency electromagnetic fields exhibit possible biological effect; both thermal aversive response and morphine-induced analgesia 4 were attenuated in snails Tysdale et al, 1991], and decreased antioxidant enzyme capacity in rat brains [Falone et al, 2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral gradients significantly enhance static magnetic field‐induced inhibition of pain responses in mice—a double blind experimental study

Kiss

Gyires

Kellermayer

et al. 2013

Bioelectromagnetics

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Recent research demonstrated that exposure of mice to both inhomogeneous (3–477 mT) and homogeneous (145 mT) static magnetic fields (SMF) generated an analgesic effect toward visceral pain elicited by the intraperitoneal injection of 0.6% acetic acid. In the present work, we investigated behavioral responses such as writhing, entry avoidance, and site preference with the help of a specially designed cage that partially protruded into either the homogeneous (ho) or inhomogeneous (inh) SMF. Aversive effects, cognitive recognition of analgesia, and social behavior governed mice in their free locomotion between SMF and sham sides. The inhibition of pain response (I) for the 0–5, 6–20, and 21–30 min periods following the challenge was calculated by the formula I = 100 (1 − x/y) in %, where x and y represent the number of writhings in the SMF and sham sides, respectively. In accordance with previous measurements, an analgesic effect was induced in exposed mice (Iho = 64%, P < 0.0002 and Iinh = 62%, P < 0.002). No significant difference was found in the site preference (SMFho, inh vs. sham) indicating that SMF is neither aversive nor favorable. Comparison of writhings observed in the sham versus SMF side of the cage revealed that SMF exposure resulted in significantly fewer writhings than sham (Iho = 64%, P < 0.004 and Iinh = 81%, P < 0.03). Deeper statistical analysis clarified that the lateral SMF gradient between SMF and sham sides could be responsible for most of the analgesic effect (Iho = 91%, P < 0.02 and Iinh = 54%, P < 0.02). Bioelectromagnetics 34:385–396, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Acute exposure to a moderate strength static magnetic field reduces edema formation in rats

Abstract: Morris CE, Skalak TC. Acute exposure to a moderate strength static magnetic field reduces edema formation in rats.

Cited by 76 publications

References 44 publications

Exposure to inhomogeneous static magnetic field beneficially affects allergic inflammation in a murine model

Exposure to inhomogeneous static magnetic field beneficially affects allergic inflammation in a murine model

Effect of 100 mT homogeneous static magnetic field on [Ca²⁺]_c response to ATP in HL‐60 cells following GSH depletion

Lateral gradients significantly enhance static magnetic field‐induced inhibition of pain responses in mice—a double blind experimental study

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Acute exposure to a moderate strength static magnetic field reduces edema formation in rats

Abstract: Morris CE, Skalak TC. Acute exposure to a moderate strength static magnetic field reduces edema formation in rats.

Cited by 76 publications

References 44 publications

Exposure to inhomogeneous static magnetic field beneficially affects allergic inflammation in a murine model

Exposure to inhomogeneous static magnetic field beneficially affects allergic inflammation in a murine model

Effect of 100 mT homogeneous static magnetic field on [Ca2+]c response to ATP in HL‐60 cells following GSH depletion

Lateral gradients significantly enhance static magnetic field‐induced inhibition of pain responses in mice—a double blind experimental study

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Effect of 100 mT homogeneous static magnetic field on [Ca²⁺]_c response to ATP in HL‐60 cells following GSH depletion