Acute hepatitis C from heterosexual transmission

Abstract

The diagnosis of acute hepatitis C (HCV) infection is rare since the majority of cases are asymptomatic, which makes the infection usually detected in a chronic phase, most of the time using serological tests. The main route of HCV transmission is percutaneous, with sexual transmission occurring more often in men who have sex with men. The analytical alterations of acute hepatitis C are varied but usually present with ALT elevation higher than AST, very rarely with hepatic insufficiency. We report a case of a patient with a clinical and analytical picture compatible with toxic acute hepatitis, accompanied by hepatic insufficiency, with negative serology for hepatotropic viruses and with no history compatible with the use of substances with hepatic toxicity other than alcohol. During the diagnostic investigation it was concluded that the patient had acute HCV hepatitis and that the transmission route was heterosexual.

Mathematical Modelling of HIV-HCV Coinfection Dynamics in Absence of Therapy

“…Furthermore, we also deduce that endemicity of HCV infection increases when the values of β 2 , , and γ are increased and or those of ∅, τ , and μ are decreased. This is in agreement with the literature [ 8 – 11 ] which reveals that the risk of sexual transmission of HCV increases with multiple sexual partners. The most sensitive parameters in HCV infection are and β 2 (which are equally sensitive) followed by ∅.…”

“…However, sexual transmission of HCV is debatable; whereas it is believed that HCV can be transmitted sexually, the risk is considered relatively low [ 2 , 5 – 9 ]. On the other hand, the risk of HCV sexual transmission is increased in the case of having multiple sexual partners; sex with high-risk individuals such as prostitutes, intravenous drug users (IDUs), and men who have sex with men (MSM); HIV or a history of a sexually transmitted disease; sex during menstruation; and sexual activities which increase the risk of blood-to-blood contact like rough vaginal or anal sex [ 8 – 11 ]. In sub-Saharan Africa, unlike for HIV transmission where more than 90% of the transmissions are through sexual transmission [ 12 ], the principal modes of HCV transmission are unclear [ 6 ].…”

HCV Infection and Chronic Renal Disease

“…The most frequent manifestations include unspecific signs like fatigue, fever, myalgia, nausea, arthralgia, abdominal pain, pruritus and anorexia (17,25). Other symptoms include jaundice, bilirubinuria and very rarely light colored stools (17,25,26,27,28). Chronic HCV infection causes hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations (29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36).…”

Mathematical Modelling and Analysis of Coinfection Dynamics with Computer Simulation

“…While sexual transmission of HCV is a topic of debate, the perceived risk is relatively low. However, the risk increases with factors like having multiple sexual partners, engaging with high-risk individuals, a history of HIV or sexually transmitted diseases, sex during menstruation, and activities that elevate the risk of blood-toblood contact [11][12][13][14]. In sub-Saharan Africa, unlike HIV transmission, where over 90% occurs through sexual means, the dynamics of HCV transmission differ.…”