Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the Indian scenario

Guru, Faisal R; Muzamil, Javvid; Bashir, Shumail; Mahajan, Amita

doi:10.15406/mojcsr.2018.05.00110

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…According to the present study findings, the survival rate of AML (19%) subtypes were lower survival rates than ALL (27%) subtypes, which is consistent with the report from the American cancer association that showed AML (66%) subtypes have lower survival rates than ALL (90%) subtypes. 9 Another study done in Nigeria also supported the current finding that ALL (77.7%) had better survival than AML (44%) subtypes. 20 Although the WBC count and survival of leukemia patients were not significantly correlated in this investigation, a study carried out in the USA suggested that a higher WBC count T A B L E 4 Median survival time, 5-year cumulative survival probability and log-rank test according to hematologic and pathologic characteristics of leukemia patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia (n = 119).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Overall acute leukemia survival rate was high in developed world, while being very low in developing countries indicating that leukemia treatment centers were relatively young in these nations. 9 On the other hand, there are not many local studies available for the comparison of acute leukemia survival rates. In this study, the survival rate for a patient with acute leukemia was 21%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results indicated that Advanced age, history of relapse, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and leukemia subtype had a significant effect on survival rate. Overall acute leukemia survival rate was high in developed world, while being very low in developing countries indicating that leukemia treatment centers were relatively young in these nations 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survival and predictors of mortality among acute leukemia patients on follow‐up in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A 5‐year retrospective cohort study

Balta,

Gebreyohannis,

Tachbele

2023

Cancer Reports

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BackgroundAlthough Ethiopia has more than 78% of leukemia cases and a significant burden of the disease, the survival of leukemia patients in the country is poorly recognized. The purpose of this study was to assess the survival and predictors of acute leukemia patients.MethodsA 5‐year retrospective cohort study was conducted including all acute Leukemia patients who visited Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital between January 2015 and December 2019. Data were retrieved from patient's medical records between March and April 2020. Using SPSS version 25, the Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox regression models were employed to analyze the data.ResultsA total of 119 patients with acute leukemia were retrospectively evaluated for 60 months, having 196 person‐years of risk. About 46 deaths (38.7%) were recorded over the follow‐up period, giving a mortality incidence rate of 23.5 (95% CL:18–52) per 100 person‐years. The median survival time was 35 months (95% CI, 28.3–41.7). At 60 months of follow‐up, the predicted overall survival rate after diagnosis for acute leukemia was 21%. The adjusted hazard ratio for acute leukemia subtypes (aHR:4.9, 95% CI:2.3–10.4), history of relapse (aHR:3.9, 95% CI:1.0–7.9), participant age (aHR:1.25, 95% CI:1–1.75), hepatomegaly (aHR:2.7, 95% CI:1.36–5.36), and splenomegaly (aHR:2.29, 95% CI:1.2–4.4).ConclusionThe 5‐year overall survival rate was found to be 21%. The finding was remarkably lower than other published reports. Survival among acute leukemia patients was significantly associated with older age, history of relapse, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, as well as certain subtypes. Therefore, improving early detection and initiation of treatment for all acute leukemia patients is necessary in order to improve patient's survival status.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survival and predictors of mortality among acute leukemia patients on follow‐up in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A 5‐year retrospective cohort study

Balta,

Gebreyohannis,

Tachbele

2023

Cancer Reports

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“…B-cell lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common subtype of ALL, accounting for 85% of ALL cases (2). The survival outcomes for patients with ALL have improved substantially in the recent decade, especially among children primarily due to an increased understanding of pathogenesis and molecular genetics, the adoption of risk-stratified therapy, and the availability of newer treatment options (3,4). A review by Arora et al reported overall survival (OS) between 45% and 81% (follow-up: 4-5 years) in Indian children (median age: 5-10 years) with ALL (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of B-cell lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia: expert opinion from an Indian panel via Delphi consensus method

et al. 2023

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IntroductionCurrently, there are no guidelines for the management of B-cell lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) from an Indian perspective. The diagnostic workup, monitoring, and treatment of B-ALL vary among different physicians and institutes.ObjectiveTo develop evidence-based practical consensus recommendations for the management of B-ALL in Indian settings.MethodsModified Delphi consensus methodology was considered to arrive at a consensus. An expert scientific committee of 15 experts from India constituted the panel. Clinically relevant questions belonging to three major domains were drafted for presentation and discussion: (i) diagnosis and risk assignment; (ii) frontline treatment; and (iii) choice of therapy (optimal vs. real-world practice) in relapsed/refractory (R/R) settings. The questionnaire was shared with the panel members through an online survey platform. The level of consensus was categorized into high (≥ 80%), moderate (60%–79%), and no consensus (< 60%). The process involved 2 rounds of discussion and 3 rounds of Delphi survey. The questions that received near or no consensus were discussed during virtual meetings (Delphi rounds 1 and 2). The final draft of the consensus was emailed to the panel for final review.ResultsExperts recommended morphologic assessment of peripheral blood or bone marrow, flow cytometric immunophenotyping, and conventional cytogenetic analysis in the initial diagnostic workup. Berlin–Frankfurt–Münster (BFM)–based protocol is the preferred frontline therapy in pediatric and adolescent and young adult patients with B-ALL. BFM/German Multicenter Study Group for Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia–based regimen is suggested in adult patients with B-ALL. Immunotherapy (blinatumomab or inotuzumab ozogamicin) followed by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is the optimal choice of therapy that would yield the best outcomes if offered in the first salvage in patients with R/R B-ALL. In patients with financial constraints or prior allo-HCT (real-world practice) at first relapse, standard-intensive chemotherapy followed by allo-HCT may be considered. For subsequent relapses, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy or palliative care was suggested as the optimal choice of therapy.ConclusionThis expert consensus will offer guidance to oncologists/clinicians on the management of B-ALL in Indian settings.

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Treatment of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in India as per modified BFM 95 protocol with Minimal Residual Disease monitoring

Thakkar,

Upasana,

Udayakumar

et al. 2024

Hematology

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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the Indian scenario

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Survival and predictors of mortality among acute leukemia patients on follow‐up in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A 5‐year retrospective cohort study

Survival and predictors of mortality among acute leukemia patients on follow‐up in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A 5‐year retrospective cohort study

Management of B-cell lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia: expert opinion from an Indian panel via Delphi consensus method

Treatment of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in India as per modified BFM 95 protocol with Minimal Residual Disease monitoring

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