Acute respiratory toxicity following inhalation exposure to soman in guinea pigs

Perkins, Michael W.; Pierre, Zdenka; Rezk, Peter; Sabnekar, Praveena; Kabra, Kareem; Chanda, Soma; Oguntayo, Samuel; Sciuto, Alfred M.; Doctor, Bhupendra P.; Nambiar, Madhusoodana P.

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2010.02.016

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Under normal conditions, molecular and cellular mechanisms regulate the active transport of solutes and fluids across the alveolar epithelium, thus enabling optimal gas exchange [32] , [33] , [34] . In OP poisoning as is with other pathologies involving respiratory failure and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, flooding of the alveolar air spaces with proteinaceous fluid which the epithelium cannot rapidly remove is evident [33] , [35] , [36] , [37] . This represents a pathological process of a failure to maintain proper airway fluid balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biphasic cuirass ventilation is better than bag-valve mask ventilation for resuscitation following organophosphate poisoning

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveExposure to organophosphates (OP) may lead to a life threatening cholinergic crisis with death attributed to a rapidly progressive respiratory failure. In a toxicological mass casualty event involving organophosphate exposure, many of the victims may depend on immediate short-term ventilation to overcome the respiratory distress which may exhaust life supporting resources. In addition, the mandatory use of personal protective gear by first responders emphasizes the need for a noninvasive, easy-to-operate ventilation device. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of MRTX, a Biphasic Cuirass Ventilation device, in comparison with standard bag-valve mask ventilation following acute organophosphate poisoning.MethodsPigs were exposed to paraoxon poisoning (1.4 LD50), and treated 8 min later with atropine (0.05 mg/kg). The control group received no further support (n = 9), the two experimental groups received ventilation support initiated 15 min post exposure and lasted for 25 min: one group was ventilated with the commonly used bag-valve mask (Mask group, n = 7) and the other was ventilated with the Biphasic Cuirass Ventilation device (Cuirass group, n = 7). Clinical signs and physiological parameters were monitored during the first hour, and mortality up to 24 h post exposure was recorded.ResultsNo mortality was observed in the Cuirass group following OP poisoning, while mortality in the Control and in the Mask groups was high (67% and 71%, respectively). Mouth excretions of the cuirass-ventilated animals were frothy white as in deep suctioning, as opposed to the clear saliva-like appearance of secretions in the other two groups. No further group differences were recorded.ConclusionsThe noninvasive, easy-to-operate Biphasic Cuirass Ventilation device was effective in reducing OP-induced mortality and might be advantageous in an organophosphate mass casualty event. This finding should be validated in further investigations.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biphasic cuirass ventilation is better than bag-valve mask ventilation for resuscitation following organophosphate poisoning

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In such a hypersecretory state with low lung compliance, the possibility of high seal pressure and insertion of gastric tube are very important features. The decision to implement SADs in the management of MTE is debateful because many toxic industrial compounds as well as OPs have direct toxic effect on the lung tissue [30][31][32], resulting in a clinical picture resembling acute lung injury and mandating definite AW control. Nevertheless, we believe that SADs, especially of the second generation, could be used for primary AW control and a "bridge" to ETI after decontamination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airway control in case of a mass toxicological event: superiority of second-generation supraglottic airway devices

Ophir

Ramaty

Rajuan-Galor

et al. 2014

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The LCt 50 dose of sarin and soman was taken from our previous studies which resulted in similar percentages of mortality [40,41]. A minor Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sarin and soman diluted in saline was aerosolized with a pulse rate of 40 pulses/min for 2-4 min. The animals were exposed to a final concentration of 846 mg/m 3 of sarin or 841 mg/m 3 of soman (1.2 Â LCt 50 ) [40,41]. Terminally ill animals were euthanized and biological samples were collected.…”

Section: Microinstillation Inhalation Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Protective efficacy of catalytic bioscavenger, paraoxonase 1 against sarin and soman exposure in guinea pigs

Valiyaveettil

Alamneh

Rezk³

et al. 2011

Biochemical Pharmacology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Acute respiratory toxicity following inhalation exposure to soman in guinea pigs

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Biphasic cuirass ventilation is better than bag-valve mask ventilation for resuscitation following organophosphate poisoning

Biphasic cuirass ventilation is better than bag-valve mask ventilation for resuscitation following organophosphate poisoning

Airway control in case of a mass toxicological event: superiority of second-generation supraglottic airway devices

Protective efficacy of catalytic bioscavenger, paraoxonase 1 against sarin and soman exposure in guinea pigs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About