Acute social stress and cardiac electrical activity in rats

Sgoifo, Andrea; Stilli, Donatella; Boer, Sietse F. de; Koolhaas, J.M.; Musso, Ezio

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2337(1998)24:4<287::aid-ab4>3.0.co;2-g

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…As demonstrated in a previous study, the mere presence of a potentially antagonist individual in the home cage elicits a strong psychosocial stress response (elevation of plasma corticosterone levels) in both aggressive and nonaggressive resident rats [29]. Moreover, cardiac autonomic reactivity during psychosocial stress test (adverse social contact without overt fighting) in intruder rats was shown to be as large as during an actual fight experience [30]. Continuous ECG, T and LOC recordings were performed in baseline conditions (30 min, prior to the test), during the test (15 min) and throughout the recovery period (45 min).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 53%

Vagal Withdrawal and Susceptibility to Cardiac Arrhythmias in Rats with High Trait Aggressiveness

et al. 2013

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Personality characteristics, e.g. aggressiveness, have long been associated with an increased risk of cardiac disease. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study we used a rodent model for characterizing cardiac autonomic modulation in rats that differ widely in their level of aggressive behavior. To reach this goal, high-aggressive (HA, n = 10) and non-aggressive (NA, n = 10) rats were selected from a population (n = 121) of adult male Wild-type Groningen rats on the basis of their latency time to attack (ALT, s) a male intruder in a resident-intruder test lasting 600 s. In order to obtain information on their cardiac autonomic modulation, ECG recordings were subsequently obtained via radiotelemetry at rest, during stressful stimuli and under autonomic pharmacological manipulations, and analyzed by means of time- and frequency-domain indexes of heart rate variability. During resting conditions, HA rats (ALT<90 s) displayed reduced heart rate variability, mostly in terms of lower vagal modulation compared to NA rats (ALT>600 s). Exposure to stressful stimuli (i.e. restraint and psychosocial stress) provoked similar tachycardic responses between the two groups. However, under stress conditions HA rats displayed a reduced vagal antagonism and an increased incidence of tachyarrhythmias compared to NA rats. In addition, beta-adrenergic pharmacological stimulation induced a much larger incidence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in HA rats compared to NA counterparts. These findings are consistent with the view that high levels of aggressive behavior in rats are associated to signs of cardiac autonomic impairment and increased arrhythmogenic susceptibility that may predict vulnerability to cardiac morbidity and mortality.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 53%

Vagal Withdrawal and Susceptibility to Cardiac Arrhythmias in Rats with High Trait Aggressiveness

et al. 2013

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“…In rats, Sgoifo et al (49) reported that defeat induced a higher increase in plasma catecholamine concentration than restraint. These authors reported that defeat resulted in a high risk of ventricular arrhythmias (49,50). Therefore, the lack of heart injury in fighting mice may not be attributed to a lack of catecholamine stimulation of the heart.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IC 50 for ErbB1 is 100,000 times lower than that for related tyrosine kinases (HER2-Neu or platelet-derived growth factor receptor) (32). This inhibitor was shown to delay A431 tumor growth in nude mice (7) and to decrease hydroxyproline accumulation in a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis (46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB1) protects the heart against stress-induced injury in mice

Pareja

Sánchez

Lorita

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Acute, high-intensity stress induces necrotic lesions in the heart. We found that restraint-and-cold (4°C) exposure (RCE) raises plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and transaminase activity in a time-dependent manner, with a peak value 7 h after stimulus cessation. At 24 h, signs of necrotic lesions were observed in paraffin sections stained with hematoxylineosin: focal accumulation of mononuclear cells in subendocardial areas of the left ventricle wall and focal hemorrhage in papillary muscles. In contrast, intermale fighting (IF) did not increase plasma CK activity, although LDH and transaminase activities did increase. In IF, no histological evidence of heart injury was observed. Because IF, but not RCE, increased plasma epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentration by ∼1,000-fold, we hypothesized that EGF receptor (ErbB1) activation may protect the heart against stress-induced injury. To examine this hypothesis, we injected the ErbB1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG-1478 (25 mg/kg ip) immediately before mice were exposed to IF. After 3 h, plasma activities of LDH-1 and CK increased. Plasma enzyme activities were as low in control mice (injected with vehicle alone) as in nonfighting mice. In the last experiment, we injected EGF (0.25 mg/kg ip) 20 min before exposing mice to RCE. After 7 h, plasma LDH-1 and CK activities were significantly lower in these animals than in mice injected with vehicle. The effect required ErbB1 activation, because simultaneous administration of AG-1478 completely abolished the effect of exogenous EGF. We conclude that activated ErbB1, by endogenous or exogenous ligands, may protect the heart against stress-induced injury.

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“…Social stressors often involve aggressive interactions between dominant and subordinate animals and are widely used to study the effects of stress on animal behavior and physiological functioning [51][52][53][54]. Social disruption involves aggressive interactions between a dominant intruder mouse (i.e., the aggressor) and resident subordinate mice (i.e., the experimental subjects).…”

Section: Studies Involving Repeated Social Defeatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Stressor-Induced Nervous System Activation on the Intestinal Microbiota and the Importance for Immunomodulation

Bailey

2014

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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The body is colonized by a vast population of genetically diverse microbes, the majority of which reside within the intestines to comprise the intestinal microbiota. During periods of homeostasis, these microbes reside within stable climax communities, but exposure to physical, physiological, as well as psychological stressors can significantly impact the structure of the intestinal microbiota. This has been demonstrated in humans and laboratory animals, with the most consistent finding being a reduction in the abundance of bacteria in the genus Lactobacillus. Whether stressor exposure also changes the function of the microbiota, has not been as highly studied. The studies presented in this review suggest that stressor-induced disruption of the intestinal microbiota leads to increased susceptibility to enteric infection and overproduction of inflammatory mediators that can induce behavioral abnormalities, such as anxiety-like behavior. Studies involving germfree mice also demonstrate that the microbiota are necessary for stressor-induced increases in innate immunity to occur. Exposing mice to a social stressor enhances splenic macrophage microbicidal activity, but this effect fails to occur in germfree mice. These studies suggest a paradigm in which stressor exposure alters homeostatic interactions between the intestinal microbiota and mucosal immune system and leads to the translocation of pathogenic, and/or commensal, microbes from the lumen of the intestines to the interior of the body where they trigger systemic inflammatory responses and anxiety-like behavior. Restoring homeostasis in the intestines, either by removing the microbiota or by administering probiotic microorganisms, can ameliorate the stressor effects.

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Acute social stress and cardiac electrical activity in rats

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Cited by 30 publications

References 38 publications

Vagal Withdrawal and Susceptibility to Cardiac Arrhythmias in Rats with High Trait Aggressiveness

Vagal Withdrawal and Susceptibility to Cardiac Arrhythmias in Rats with High Trait Aggressiveness

Activated epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB1) protects the heart against stress-induced injury in mice

Influence of Stressor-Induced Nervous System Activation on the Intestinal Microbiota and the Importance for Immunomodulation

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