Acute Toxicity of Heavy Metals to Tetrahymena in an In Vitro Experiment and Envelope Damage Study

Zhang, Tian; Li, Xi; Yang, Lu; Wu, Chunyun; Fang, Tingting; Liu, Peng; Zhang, Chaocan; Liang, Wei

doi:10.1007/s00128-013-1004-9

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…To characterize the chemistry and properties of the particles in detail, further studies are required. Previous studies have investigated the influence of heavy metals on cell morphology and viability of Tetrahymena 25,54,55 . Interestingly, for the treatment with the elements lead, lanthanum, platinum, bismuth, selenium, aluminium and gold, the appearance of food vacuoles filled with electron-dense material, comparable to the intracellular particles found in this study, was mentioned 28,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][56][57][58] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular bioaccumulation of the rare earth element Gadolinium in ciliate cells resulting in biogenic particle formation and excretion

Kohl

Schweikert

Klaas

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Ciliates are abundant unicellular organisms capable of resisting high concentrations of metal ions in the environment caused by various anthropogenic activities. Understanding the cellular pathways involved in resistance to and detoxification of elements is required to predict the impact of ciliates on environmental element cycles. Here, we investigated the so far unknown process of tolerance, cellular uptake and bioaccumulation of the emerging rare earth element gadolinium (Gd) in the common ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis. Gd treatment results in the intracellular formation and excretion of biogenic Gd-containing particles. This cellular process effectively removes dissolved Gd from the organic growth medium by 53.37% within 72 h. Based on light and electron microscopic observations, we postulate a detoxification pathway: Cells take up toxic Gd3+ ions from the medium by endocytosis, process them into stable Gd-containing particles within food vacuoles, and exocytose them. Stable biogenic particles can be isolated, which are relatively homogeneous and have a diameter of about 3 µm. They consist of the elements Gd, C, O, P, Na, Mg, K, and Ca. These findings broaden the view of metal ion accumulation by protists and are of relevance to understand environmental elemental cycles and may inspire approaches for metal recovery or bioremediation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular bioaccumulation of the rare earth element Gadolinium in ciliate cells resulting in biogenic particle formation and excretion

Kohl

Schweikert

Klaas

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Since it is possible for toxicants to inhibit swimming speed by altering ion fluxes, our results suggested that copper ions might have entered the T. thermophila cell. We speculate that with the increase in the amount of metal ions in Tetrahymena cells, it will lead to cell membrane damage [ 62 ] and the membrane will be unable to selectively absorb the extracellular substance resulting in the gradual disappearance of its functionality [ 63 ]. This will trigger a change in intracellular function that hinders the cell from obtaining nutrients and a decrease in cell fitness that causes a slower swimming speed [ 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a High-Throughput Locomotion Tracking Method for Multiple Biological Assessments in Tetrahymena

Suryanto

Vasquez

Roldan

et al. 2022

Cells

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Protozoa are eukaryotic, unicellular microorganisms that have an important ecological role, are easy to handle, and grow rapidly, which makes them suitable for ecotoxicity assessment. Previous methods for locomotion tracking in protozoa are largely based on software with the drawback of high cost and/or low operation throughput. This study aimed to develop an automated pipeline to measure the locomotion activity of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila using a machine learning-based software, TRex, to conduct tracking. Behavioral endpoints, including the total distance, velocity, burst movement, angular velocity, meandering, and rotation movement, were derived from the coordinates of individual cells. To validate the utility, we measured the locomotor activity in either the knockout mutant of the dynein subunit DYH7 or under starvation. Significant reduction of locomotion and alteration of behavior was detected in either the dynein mutant or in the starvation condition. We also analyzed how Tetrahymena locomotion was affected by the exposure to copper sulfate and showed that our method indeed can be used to conduct a toxicity assessment in a high-throughput manner. Finally, we performed a principal component analysis and hierarchy clustering to demonstrate that our analysis could potentially differentiate altered behaviors affected by different factors. Taken together, this study offers a robust methodology for Tetrahymena locomotion tracking in a high-throughput manner for the first time.

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“…Garrison [ 12 ] firstly detected the pharmaceutical ingredients in the sanitary wastewater. Zhang Tian [13] studied the toxicity of heavy metals to tetrahymena growth metabolism by microcal-orimetry. The toxicity sequence was Cd 2 > Cr 3 > Cu 2 .…”

Section: The Research Status Of Protozoa As the Model Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Advance of Protozoa as the Model Animal in the Environment

Cao

Zhang

Wang

2013

AMM

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With the development of modern industry, the problem of environment pollution becomes more and more serious. It has become an important issue to conduct the environment monitoring rapidly and effective. Fish, alga, higher aquatic plants and benthic macro-invertebrate are always used in the environment monitoring. In recent years, protozoa are widely applied to the monitor of soil environment pollution and water pollution. Protozoa are the most original and the lowest unicellular animals, and they play an important role as the predator and primary consumer in the energy flow and circulation of materials. Protozoa become an ideal model animal in the process of assessing the quality change.

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Acute Toxicity of Heavy Metals to Tetrahymena in an In Vitro Experiment and Envelope Damage Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Intracellular bioaccumulation of the rare earth element Gadolinium in ciliate cells resulting in biogenic particle formation and excretion

Intracellular bioaccumulation of the rare earth element Gadolinium in ciliate cells resulting in biogenic particle formation and excretion

Establishing a High-Throughput Locomotion Tracking Method for Multiple Biological Assessments in Tetrahymena

The Advance of Protozoa as the Model Animal in the Environment

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